COBOL OPEN AND CLOSED SUBROUTINES

COBOL supports open and closed subroutines.

1. Open subroutinesThey are implemented using the first format of the PERFORM verb.
   For example:
   PERFORM SUBPREFORM.
   ...
   SUBPROFORM.
     COBOL-STATEMENTS
2. Closed subroutines They are implemented using the CALL verb and contained or external subprograms.
   For example:
   CALL "SUBPROG"

Open subroutine is not a real routine, it's in fact a instructions block, so instructions GOBACK/STOP RUN/EXIT PROGRAM on a open subroutines work like on main program.

For example: (RED instructions will not be executed)

STOP RUN

       IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.       
       PROGRAM-ID.    MAINPROG.       
       ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.          
       DATA DIVISION.                 
       PROCEDURE DIVISION.            
           DISPLAY "MAIN ENTRY".
           PERFORM PERFORM-SUB.        
           DISPLAY "MAIN EXIT".
           STOP RUN.
       PERFORM-SUB.            
           DISPLAY 'SUB ENTRY'.
           STOP RUN.             *> PROGRAM STOP HERE
           DISPLAY 'SUB EXIT'.

EXIT PROGRAM

       IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.       
       PROGRAM-ID.    MAINPROG.       
       ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.          
       DATA DIVISION.                 
       PROCEDURE DIVISION.            
           DISPLAY "MAIN ENTRY".
           PERFORM PERFORM-SUB.        
           DISPLAY "MAIN EXIT".
           STOP RUN.
       PERFORM-SUB.            
           DISPLAY 'SUB ENTRY'.
           EXIT PROGRAM.         *> STATEMENT IS IGNORED
           DISPLAY 'SUB EXIT'.

(EXIT PROGRAM is ignored)

GOBACK

       IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.       
       PROGRAM-ID.    MAINPROG.       
       ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.          
       DATA DIVISION.                 
       PROCEDURE DIVISION.            
           DISPLAY "MAIN ENTRY".
           PERFORM PERFORM-SUB.        
           DISPLAY "MAIN EXIT".
           STOP RUN.
       PERFORM-SUB.            
           DISPLAY 'SUB ENTRY'.
           GOBACK.               *> PROGRAM STOP HERE
           DISPLAY 'SUB EXIT'.

(GOBACK works as STOP RUN)