An inorder binary tree traversal can be implemented in a non-recursive way with a stack. For example, suppose that when a 6-node binary tree (with the keys numbered from 1 to 6) is traversed, the stack operations are: push(1); push(2); push(3); pop(); pop(); push(4); pop(); pop(); push(5); push(6); pop(); pop(). Then a unique binary tree (shown in Figure 1) can be generated from this sequence of operations. Your task is to give the postorder traversal sequence of this tree.
\ Figure 1
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line contains a positive integer N (<=30) which is the total number of nodes in a tree (and hence the nodes are numbered from 1 to N). Then 2N lines follow, each describes a stack operation in the format: "Push X" where X is the index of the node being pushed onto the stack; or "Pop" meaning to pop one node from the stack.
Output Specification:
For each test case, print the postorder traversal sequence of the corresponding tree in one line. A solution is guaranteed to exist. All the numbers must be separated by exactly one space, and there must be no extra space at the end of the line.
Sample Input:
6
Push 1
Push 2
Push 3
Pop
Pop
Push 4
Pop
Pop
Push 5
Push 6
Pop
Pop
Sample Output:
3 4 2 6 5 1
思路:push的顺序是先序遍历顺序,pop顺序是中序遍历顺序,用中序和先序构建唯一二叉树,然后后序遍历。
程序:
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <stack>
using namespace std;
struct node
{
int data;
struct node * left;
struct node * right;
};
vector<int> v1, v2;
int n;
struct node* create(int a, int b,int c, int d)
{
if(a > b)
return NULL;
struct node* root = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node));
root->data = v1[a];
int i;
for(i = c; i <= d; i++)
{
if(v2[i] == v1[a])
{
break;
}
}
root->left = create(a+1,a+i-c,c,i-1);
root->right = create(a+i-c+1,b,i+1,d);
return root;
}
vector<int> post;
void postorder(node* root)
{
if(root)
{
postorder(root->left);
postorder(root->right);
post.push_back(root->data);
}
}
int main()
{
cin>>n;
stack<int> ss;
int m = n;
while(m)
{
string s;
cin>>s;
if(s == "Push")
{
int val;
cin>>val;
ss.push(val);
v1.push_back(val);
}
else if(s == "Pop")
{
v2.push_back(ss.top());
ss.pop();
m--;
}
}
struct node* r = create(0,n-1,0,n-1);
postorder(r);
int cnt = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < post.size(); i++)
{
if(cnt == 0)
{
printf("%d",post[i]);
cnt++;
}
else
printf(" %d",post[i]);
}
cout<<endl;
return 0;
}