共有三种形式:
第一种最简单的形式为:
if [ expression ] ; then
statements
fi
第二种形式为:
if [ expression1 ]; then
statements1
else
statements0
fi
第三种形式为:
if [ expression1 ]; then
statements1
elif [ expression2 ]; then
statements2
elif [ expression3 ]; then
statements3
else
statements0
fi
这三种形式的示例代码如下:
bash-4.2@conditionals$ cat main1.bash
#!/bin/bash
num=2
if [ $num = '1' ]; then
echo "expression evaluated true."
fi
bash-4.2@conditionals$ cat main2.bash
#!/bin/bash
value=2
if [ value = '1' ]; then
echo 'value is 1'
else
echo 'value is 2'
fi
bash-4.2@conditionals$ cat main3.bash
#!/bin/bash
value=3
if [ value = '1' ]; then
echo 'value is 1'
elif [ value = '2' ]; then
echo 'value is 2'
else
echo 'value is 3'
fi
输出结果如下:
bash-4.2@conditionals$ ./main1.bash ;./main2.bash ;./main3.bash
value is 2
value is 3