- 编写简单的hello world脚本，查看脚本内容，并运行
使用bash命令运行shell脚本[lwj@192 file01]$ touch test.sh //创建新文件 [lwj@192 file01]$ vim test.sh //编辑文件内容 [lwj@192 file01]$ cat test.sh //查看文件内容 #!/bin/bash echo "Hello World!" [lwj@192 file01]$ bash test.sh //运行shell脚本 Hello World! - 使用declare进行运算，declare命令仅支持整数的数值运算，使用一段代码进行比较运算
[lwj@192 file01]$ declare -i var=10+10 //加法 [lwj@192 file01]$ echo $var 20 [lwj@192 file01]$ declare -i var=10*10 //乘法 [lwj@192 file01]$ echo $var 100 [lwj@192 file01]$ declare -i var=20-10 //减法 [lwj@192 file01]$ echo $var 10 [lwj@192 file01]$ declare -i var=10/3 //取整 [lwj@192 file01]$ echo $var 3 [lwj@192 file01]$ vim test.sh //编辑文件 [lwj@192 file01]$ cat -n test.sh //查看文件 1 #!/bin/bash 2 if [ $# -ne 2 ];then 3 echo "Usage: $0 number1 number2" 4 exit 1 5 fi 6 number1="$1" 7 number2="$2" 8 if (( number1>number2 ));then 9 echo "$number1 > $number2" 10 elif (( number1 < number2 ));then 11 echo "$number1 < $number2" 12 elif (( number1 == number2 ));then 13 echo "$number1 == $number2" 14 else 15 echo "should never be here." 16 fi [lwj@192 file01]$ bash test.sh 1 2 //1和2比较 1 < 2 [lwj@192 file01]$ bash test.sh 2 1 //2和1比较 2 > 1 [lwj@192 file01]$ bash test.sh 2 2 //2和2比较 2 == 2 - 使用test命令对两个数值比较（等于、小于、大于等于）
[lwj@192 file01]$ vim myscript.sh [lwj@192 file01]$ cat myscript.sh #!/bin/bash a=11;b=16 test $a -eq $b && echo "$a = $b" || echo "$a != $b" //等于 test $a -gt $b && echo "$a < $b" || echo "$a >= $b" //小于 test $a -ge $b && echo "$a >= $b" || echo "$a < $b" //大于等于 [lwj@192 file01]$ sh myscript.sh 11 != 16 11 >= 16 11 < 16 - 使用test命令对两个字符串比较（等于、非空），test字符串运算
[lwj@192 file01]$ vim myscript.sh [lwj@192 file01]$ cat myscript.sh #!/bin/bash a="centos" test -z "$a" && echo "'$a' is null" || echo "'$a' is not null" // 非空 test "$a" == "centos" && echo "'$a'='centos'" || echo "'$a'!='centos'" //等于 [lwj@192 file01]$ sh myscript.sh 'centos' is not null // 非空 'centos'='centos' //等于 - 使用test命令进行布尔运算,注释说明含义
-a:当表达式$a和$b同时为真时复合表达式返回真，否则为假
-o:当表达式$a和$b任意一个表达式为真时复合表达式返回真，否则为假[lwj@192 file01]$ vim myscript.sh [lwj@192 file01]$ cat myscript.sh #!/bin/bash a=11;b=16 f1="myscript.sh" f2="file2" test $b -o $a && echo "$a >= $b" || echo "$a < $b" test -e "$f1" -a -r "$f1" && echo "$f1 is readable" || echo "$f1 is not exist or not readable" [lwj@192 file01]$ sh myscript.sh 11 >= 16 myscript.sh is readable - 使用[] 对文件类型、文件权限、文件比较等进行练习。
文件类型-f:当文件fname的文件类型为普通文件时返回真，否则为假
文件权限-r:当文件fname存在具有可读权限时返回真，否则为假
文件比较-nt:当文件fname1比文件fname2新时返回真，否则为假[lwj@192 file01]$ vim myscript.sh [lwj@192 file01]$ cat myscript.sh #!/bin/bash f1="myscript.sh" f2="file2" [ -f "$f1" ] && echo "$f1:ordinary file" || echo "$f1:not ordinary file" [ -r "$f1" ] && echo "$f1:readable" || echo "$f1: not readable" [ "$f1" -nt "$f2" ] && echo "$f1 is newer than $f2" || echo "$f2 is newer than $f1" [lwj@192 file01]$ sh myscript.sh myscript.sh:ordinary file myscript.sh:readable myscript.sh is newer than file2 -
使用if-elif结构完成功能。猜数字游戏
[lwj@192 file01]$ vim myscript.sh [lwj@192 file01]$ cat -n myscript.sh 1 #!/bin/bash 2 a=0 3 b=99 4 random_num=$(( $RANDOM*100/32767 )) 5 read -p "请输入竞猜数字:" guess_num 6 while [ $random_num -ne $guess_num ] 7 do 8 if [ $random_num -gt $guess_num ]; then 9 echo "猜小了,范围变为 "$guess_num"-"$b",请输入竞猜数字:" 10 a=$guess_num 11 read guess_num 12 elif [ $random_num -lt $guess_num ]; then 13 echo "猜大了,范围变为 "$a"-"$guess_num",请输入竞猜数字:" 14 b=$guess_num 15 read guess_num 16 else 17 echo "请输入0-99的数字" 18 fi 19 done 20 echo "恭喜，竞猜正确" [lwj@192 file01]$ sh myscript.sh 请输入竞猜数字:50 猜大了,范围变为 0-50,请输入竞猜数字: 25 猜大了,范围变为 0-25,请输入竞猜数字: 13 猜大了,范围变为 0-13,请输入竞猜数字: 7 猜大了,范围变为 0-7,请输入竞猜数字: 4 猜大了,范围变为 0-4,请输入竞猜数字: 2 猜大了,范围变为 0-2,请输入竞猜数字: 1 猜大了,范围变为 0-1,请输入竞猜数字: 0 恭喜，竞猜正确 -
结合case-in和函数，完成简易计算器。（选择运算符，再输入数）
[lwj@192 file01]$ vim mytest.sh [lwj@192 file01]$ cat -n mytest.sh 1 #!/bin/bash 2 y=y 3 while [ "$y" === "y" ] || [ "$y" == "Y" ] 4 do 5 read -p "please input the first num:" num1 6 read -p "please input the operator:" a 7 read -p "please input the second num:" num2 8 case "$a" in 9 +) 10 echo "运算结果为:$(($num1+$num2))" 11 ;; 12 -)echo "运算结果为:$(($num1-$num2))" 13 ;; 14 *)echo "运算结果为:$((%num1*$num2))" 15 ;; 16 /)echo "运算结果为:$(($num1/$num2))" 17 ;; 18 esac 19 read -p "是否还要继续运算(y/n):" y 20 done [lwj@192 file01]$ sh mytest.sh please input the first num:9 please input the operator:- please input the second num:2 运算结果为 ：7 是否还要将继续运算（y/n）：y please input the first num:3 please input the operator:+ please input the second num:2 运算结果为 ：5 是否还要将继续运算（y/n）：y please input the first num:3 please input the operator:* please input the second num:3 运算结果为 ：9 是否还要将继续运算（y/n）：n -
对函数传递参数大于、等于、小于所需参数的三种情形分别试验
[lwj@192 file01]$ vim myhs.sh
[lwj@192 file01]$ cat -n myhs.sh
1 #!/bin/bash
2 function sum()
3 {
4 echo 'input paramenters are:$@ = "'$@'"'
5 if (test $# -lt 2);then
6 echo "传递的参数小于指定参数个数"
7 return 1
8 elif (test $# -gt 2);then
9 echo "传递的参数大于指定参数个数"
10 return 1
11 fi
12 echo "传递的参数等于指定参数个数"
13 echo "var_sum=$(($1+$2))"
14 }
15 sum 1
16 sum 1 2
17 sum 1 2 3
[lwj@192 file01]$ sh myhs.sh
input paramenters are:$@ = "1"
传递的参数小于指定参数个数
input paramenters are:$@ = "1 2"
传递的参数等于指定参数个数
var_sum=3
input paramenters are:$@ = "1 2 3"
传递的参数大于指定参数个数
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