/ * 程序的版权和版本声明部分
* Copyright (c) 2012, 华南师范大学软件工程专业
* All rights reserved.
* 文件名称:抽象基类与虚函数、纯虚函数的综合使用
* 作 者:Hookc
* 完成日期:2012 年4 月 22 日
* 版 本 号:1
* 对任务及求解方法的描述部分
* 输入描述:
* 问题描述:
* 程序输出:
* /
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//声明Shape类
class Shape
{
public:
virtual float area()const{return 0.0;} //虚函数 求圆面积、求圆柱的表面积是要用到同名的函数,故用虚函数声明
virtual float volume()const{return 0.0;}
virtual void shapeName()const=0; //纯虚函数 功能留由派生类自己决定
};
//声明Ponit类
class Point:public Shape
{
public:
Point(float=0,float=0);
void setPoint(float,float);
float getX()const{return x;}
float getY()const{return y;}
virtual void shapeName()const{cout<<"Point:";}
friend ostream & operator <<(ostream &,const Point &); //重载<<运算符
protected:
float x,y; //声明为protected,可以被派生类使用不能被外部类看到
};
Point::Point(float a,float b)
{x=a;y=b;}
void Point::setPoint(float a,float b)
{x=a;y=b;}
ostream & operator <<(ostream &output,const Point &p)
{
output<<"["<<p.x<<","<<p.y<<"]";
return output;
}
//声明Circle类
class Circle:public Point
{
public:
Circle(float x=0,float y=0,float r=0);
void setRadius(float);
float getRadius()const;
virtual float area()const;
virtual void shapeName()const{cout<<"Circle:";}
friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &,const Circle &);
protected:
float radius;
};
Circle::Circle(float x,float y,float r):Point(x,y),radius(r){}
void Circle::setRadius(float r){r=radius;}
float Circle::getRadius()const{return radius;}
float Circle::area()const{return 3.14159*radius*radius;}
ostream & operator <<(ostream &output,const Circle &c)
{
output<<"["<<c.x<<","<<c.y<<"],r="<<c.radius;
return output;
}
//声明Cylinder类
class Cylinder:public Circle
{
public:
Cylinder(float x=0,float y=0,float r=0,float h=0);
void setHeight(float);
virtual float area()const;
virtual float volume()const;
virtual void shapeName()const{cout<<"Cylinder:";} //对虚函数进行再定义
friend ostream & operator<<(ostream &,const Cylinder&);
protected:
float height;
};
Cylinder::Cylinder(float a,float b,float r,float h):Circle(a,b,r),height(h){}
void Cylinder::setHeight(float h){height=h;}
float Cylinder::area()const
{
return 2*Circle::area() + 2*3.14159*radius*height;
}
float Cylinder::volume()const
{
return Circle::area()*height;
}
ostream & operator<<( ostream & output,const Cylinder & cy)
{
output<<"["<<cy.x<<","<<cy.y<<"],r="<<cy.radius<<",h="<<cy.height;
return output;
}
//定义主函数
int main()
{
Point point(3.2,4.5);
Circle circle(2.4,1.2,5.6);
Cylinder cylinder(3.5,6.4,5.2,10.5);
point.shapeName();
cout<<point<<endl;
circle.shapeName();
cout<<circle<<endl;
cylinder.shapeName();
cout<<cylinder<<endl<<endl;
Shape * pt;
pt=&point;
pt->shapeName();
cout<<"x="<<point.getX()<<",y="<<point.getY()<<"\narea="<<pt->area()<<"\nvolume="<<pt->volume()<<"\n\n";
pt=&circle;
pt->shapeName();
cout<<"x="<<circle.getX()<<",y="<<circle.getY()<<"\narea="<<pt->area()<<"\nvolume="<<pt->volume()<<"\n\n";
pt=&cylinder;
pt->shapeName();
cout<<"x="<<cylinder.getX()<<",y="<<cylinder.getY()<<"\narea="<<pt->area()<<"\nvolume="<<pt->volume()<<"\n\n";
return 0;
}
运行结果:
小结: