Exchanger简介
如果对java并包(java.util.concurrent)知道的话,那么可能知道CountDownLatch、CyclicBarrier这些多线程并发工具,不熟悉的话可以看以下文章。
Exchanger也在其中,顾名思义,Exchanger是用于两个线程交换数据的,最重要的是exchange()方法,这是一个阻塞方法,意味着线程将调用exchange()方法时在交换点等待,直到另一个线程到达,一旦另一个线程到达,两个线程将会交换各自的数据并返回。还有个重载方法接收TimeUnit对象,能使得等待到一定时间后返回。
exchange()方法在等待过程中可以中断他,就会抛出InterruptedException异常。
示例
我们给每个线程起个名字,分别为thread-a、thread-b,线程中各自调用exchange()方法,传入自己处理好的数据,当最后打印的时候,会看到是打印的其他线程的数据。
package com.socket;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.Exchanger;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
Exchanger<String> stringExchanger = new Exchanger<>();
new Thread(() -> {
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+stringExchanger.exchange("a"));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
},"thread-a").start();
new Thread(() -> {
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+stringExchanger.exchange("b"));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
},"thread-b").start();
}
}
thread-b:a
thread-a:b
如果指定了超时的话,会抛出TimeoutException异常。
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
Exchanger<String> stringExchanger = new Exchanger<>();
new Thread(() -> {
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+stringExchanger.exchange("a",1, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (TimeoutException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
},"thread-a").start();
// new Thread(() -> {
// try {
// System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+stringExchanger.exchange("b"));
// } catch (InterruptedException e) {
// e.printStackTrace();
// }
// },"thread-b").start();
}
}
java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException
at java.util.concurrent.Exchanger.exchange(Exchanger.java:626)
at com.socket.Main.lambda$main$0(Main.java:14)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
在看看中断他。
package com.socket;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.Exchanger;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
Exchanger<String> stringExchanger = new Exchanger<>();
Thread thread = new Thread(() -> {
try {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ":" + stringExchanger.exchange("a", 3, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (TimeoutException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}, "thread-a");
thread.start();
thread.interrupt();
// new Thread(() -> {
// try {
// System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+stringExchanger.exchange("b"));
// } catch (InterruptedException e) {
// e.printStackTrace();
// }
// },"thread-b").start();
}
}
java.lang.InterruptedException
at java.util.concurrent.Exchanger.exchange(Exchanger.java:624)
at com.socket.Main.lambda$main$0(Main.java:14)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)