NYOJ 353 3D dungeon

3D dungeon

时间限制： 1000 ms  |  内存限制： 65535 KB

难度： 2

            描述

You are trapped in a 3D dungeon and need to find the quickest way out! The dungeon is composed of unit cubes which may or may not be filled with rock. It takes one minute to move one unit north, south, east, west, up or down. You cannot move diagonally and the maze is surrounded by solid rock on all sides. 

Is an escape possible? If yes, how long will it take? 

输入

The input consists of a number of dungeons. Each dungeon description starts with a line containing three integers L, R and C (all limited to 30 in size).
L is the number of levels making up the dungeon.
R and C are the number of rows and columns making up the plan of each level.
Then there will follow L blocks of R lines each containing C characters. Each character describes one cell of the dungeon. A cell full of rock is indicated by a '#' and empty cells are represented by a '.'. Your starting position is indicated by 'S' and the exit by the letter 'E'. There's a single blank line after each level. Input is terminated by three zeroes for L, R and C.

输出

Each maze generates one line of output. If it is possible to reach the exit, print a line of the form
Escaped in x minute(s).

where x is replaced by the shortest time it takes to escape.
If it is not possible to escape, print the line
Trapped!

样例输入

3 4 5
S....
.###.
.##..
###.#

#####
#####
##.##
##...

#####
#####
#.###
####E

1 3 3
S##
#E#
###

0 0 0

样例输出

Escaped in 11 minute(s).
Trapped!

分析：

3D地牢中的一个人从S向E逃跑，求最短时间，bfs

#include<stdio.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<queue>
#include<cstring>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
char cMap[32][32][32];
int vis[32][32][32];
int iD[][3] = {{-1, 0, 0},{1, 0, 0},{0, -1, 0}, {0, 0, -1}, {0, 1, 0}, {0, 0, 1}}; //上下左右前后的偏移量
int c, n, m;
int iMin;
struct dian{
    int x, y, z;
    int iCnt;
} now, next;
dian sS, sE;
bool canput(dian cc){   //判断此位置能否走
    int x = cc.x, y = cc.y, z = cc.z;
    if(!vis[x][y][z] && x >= 0 && x < c && y >= 0 && y < n && z >= 0 && z < m &&
        (cMap[x][y][z] == '.' || cMap[x][y][z] == 'E'))   //不要忘了目标位置能走，找了半天，把它给忘了
        return true;
    else return false;
}
void bfs(dian cur){
    queue<dian> q;
    cur.iCnt = 0;
    q.push(cur);         //始点进队列
    vis[cur.x][cur.y][cur.z] = 1;
    while(!q.empty()){
        now = q.front();   //取首元素
        if(now.x == sE.x && now.y == sE.y && now.z == sE.z){
            iMin = now.iCnt;
            return;
        }
        for(int i = 0; i < 6; i ++){   //向6个方向试探
            next.x = now.x + iD[i][0];
            next.y = now.y + iD[i][1];
            next.z = now.z + iD[i][2];
            next.iCnt = now.iCnt + 1;
            if(canput(next)){
                q.push(next);
                vis[next.x][next.y][next.z] = 1;
            }
        }
        q.pop();
    }
}
int main(){
    while(~scanf("%d%d%d", &c, &n, &m) && (c || n || m)){
        iMin = 999999;
        memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis));
        for(int i = 0; i < c; i ++)     //c层
            for(int j = 0; j < n; j ++){   //每层n行
                scanf("%s", cMap[i][j]);
                for(int k = 0; k < m; k ++)
                    if(cMap[i][j][k] == 'S'){   //找起点
                        sS.x = i;
                        sS.y = j;
                        sS.z = k;
                    }
                    else if(cMap[i][j][k] == 'E'){   //终点
                        sE.x = i;
                        sE.y = j;
                        sE.z = k;
                    }
            }
        bfs(sS);
        if(iMin == 999999) cout <<"Trapped!\n";
        else printf("Escaped in %d minute(s).\n", iMin);
    }
    return 0;
}