A Knight's Journey
Time Limit: 1000MS | Memory Limit: 65536K | |
Total Submissions: 38457 | Accepted: 13049 |
Description
Background
The knight is getting bored of seeing the same black and white squares again and again and has decided to make a journey
around the world. Whenever a knight moves, it is two squares in one direction and one square perpendicular to this. The world of a knight is the chessboard he is living on. Our knight lives on a chessboard that has a smaller area than a regular 8 * 8 board, but it is still rectangular. Can you help this adventurous knight to make travel plans?
Problem
Find a path such that the knight visits every square once. The knight can start and end on any square of the board.
The knight is getting bored of seeing the same black and white squares again and again and has decided to make a journey
around the world. Whenever a knight moves, it is two squares in one direction and one square perpendicular to this. The world of a knight is the chessboard he is living on. Our knight lives on a chessboard that has a smaller area than a regular 8 * 8 board, but it is still rectangular. Can you help this adventurous knight to make travel plans?
Problem
Find a path such that the knight visits every square once. The knight can start and end on any square of the board.
Input
The input begins with a positive integer n in the first line. The following lines contain n test cases. Each test case consists of a single line with two positive integers p and q, such that 1 <= p * q <= 26. This represents a p * q chessboard, where p describes how many different square numbers 1, . . . , p exist, q describes how many different square letters exist. These are the first q letters of the Latin alphabet: A, . . .
Output
The output for every scenario begins with a line containing "Scenario #i:", where i is the number of the scenario starting at 1. Then print a single line containing the lexicographically first path that visits all squares of the chessboard with knight moves followed by an empty line. The path should be given on a single line by concatenating the names of the visited squares. Each square name consists of a capital letter followed by a number.
If no such path exist, you should output impossible on a single line.
If no such path exist, you should output impossible on a single line.
Sample Input
3 1 1 2 3 4 3
Sample Output
Scenario #1: A1 Scenario #2: impossible Scenario #3: A1B3C1A2B4C2A3B1C3A4B2C4
题意:国际象棋中的一匹马,可以从任意位置开始,将棋盘走一遍(每个格子只走一次)
求字典序最小的路径,如果没有合法的路径就输出impossible
分析:dfs,假设棋盘大小为n * m ,我们将棋盘的坐标设置为(1 , 1)-(n , m)
这时从(1,1)开始搜索(纳尼,题中不是说从任意位置开始吗?呵呵,如果不从(1,1)位置开始搜索的话有答案,
那么从(1,1)开始搜索一定也有答案!!!并且此时的答案是字典序最小的,好像很有道理的样子。)
搜索八个方向时我们还要注意搜索的顺序,看看下图:
假设此时小马在 D4 它下一步要搜索的顺序应该为 B3、B5、C2、C6......这样才保证字典序是最小的
代码:
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
const int maxn = 30;
//八个方向的偏移量,注意它的顺序(要求结果为字典序最小的)
const int dir[][2] = {-1,-2, 1,-2, -2,-1, 2,-1, -2,1, 2,1, -1,2, 1,2};
int vis[maxn][maxn];
bool haveAns;
int n, m, t, cas;
void dfs(int x, int y, int cnt, string ans)
{
if (haveAns) return; //已经搜到答案,结束搜索
if (cnt == n * m) //搜到答案
{
cout << ans << endl;
haveAns = true;
return;
}
for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) //搜索八个方向
{
int tx = x + dir[i][0]; //得到下一个位置的坐标
int ty = y + dir[i][1];
if (tx > 0 && tx <= n && ty > 0 && ty <= m && !vis[tx][ty]) //判断坐标的合法性
{
vis[tx][ty] = 1; //标记为已经搜过
char c1 = tx + '0';
char c2 = ty + 'A' - 1;
dfs(tx, ty, cnt + 1, ans + c2 + c1); //搜索下一个位置
vis[tx][ty] = 0; //清除标记
}
}
}
int main()
{
cas = 1;
scanf("%d", &t);
while (t--)
{
scanf("%d%d", &n, &m);
printf("Scenario #%d:\n", cas++);
haveAns = false;
memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis));
vis[1][1] = 1;
dfs(1, 1, 1, "A1"); //从坐标(1,1)开始搜索(不用从所有的点开始)
if (haveAns == false) printf("impossible\n");
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}