JAVA生成简易的验证码

使用验证码的好处在于有效能防止用户恶意提交表单，或者使用外挂非法攻击系统。

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 * Created by intellij IDEA
 *
 * @author Raven
 * Date:2018/3/14
 * Time:12:32
 * 生成验证码的工具类
 */
public class VerifyCode {
    private int w = 70;
    private int h = 35;
    private Random r = new Random();
    /**
     * @fontNames 可选字体
     * @codes 可选字符
     * @bgColor 设置背景色
     * @text 验证码上的文本
     */
    private String[] fontNames = {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "华为新魏", "楷体_GB2312"};
    private String codes = "23456789abcdefghijkmnpqrstwuvxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNPQRSGWUVXYZ";
    private Color bgColor = new Color(255, 255, 255);
    private String text;

    private Color randomColor() {
        //生成随机的字体颜色，同时尽量远离背景色白色
        int Red = r.nextInt(150);
        int Green = r.nextInt(150);
        int Blue = r.nextInt(150);
        return new Color(Red, Green, Blue);
    }

    private Font randomFont() {
        //随机字体，大小，字体样式
        int index = r.nextInt(fontNames.length);
        String fontName = fontNames[index];
        //0-无样式，1-粗体，2-斜体，3-粗+斜
        int style = r.nextInt(4);
        int size = r.nextInt(5) + 24;
        return new Font(fontName, style, size);
    }

    /**
     * 画干扰线
     * */
    private void drawLine(BufferedImage image) {
        int num = 10;
        Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
        for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
            int x1 = r.nextInt(w);
            int y1 = r.nextInt(h);
            int x2 = r.nextInt(w);
            int y2 = r.nextInt(h);
            g.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F));
            g.setColor(randomColor());
            g.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 随机获取一个字符
     * */
    private char randomChar(){
        int index = r.nextInt(codes.length());
        return codes.charAt(index);
    }

    /**
     * 创建宽为w，高为h的图片缓冲区，背景颜色设为白色
     * */
    private BufferedImage createImage(){
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w,h,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
        g2.setColor(this.bgColor);
        g2.fillRect(0,0,w,h);
        return image;
    }

    public BufferedImage getImage(){
        BufferedImage image = createImage();
        Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        //向图片中画四个字符
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            String s = randomChar()+"";
            sb.append(s);
            float x= i*1.0F*w/4;
            g2.setFont(randomFont());
            g2.setColor(randomColor());
            g2.drawString(s,x,h-5);
        }
        this.text = sb.toString();
        drawLine(image);
        return image;
    }

    public String getText(){
        //返回图片验证码上的文本
        return text;
    }

    public static void output(BufferedImage image, OutputStream out) throws IOException {
        //保存文件到指定输出流
        ImageIO.write(image,"JPEG",out);
    }

实践效果图：