Java基础 - IO(3) : 字符流

最新推荐文章于 2023-01-24 22:18:53 发布

酷爱WAF哈狗帮

最新推荐文章于 2023-01-24 22:18:53 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/HuashirenYty/article/details/98080851

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1. 字符流

字节流操作中文数据不是特别的方便，所以就出现了转换流。
转换流的作用就是把字节流转换字符流来使用。
转换流其实是一个字符流 : 字符流 = 字节流 + 编码表

2. IO流中的编码问题

编码
				String -- byte[]
解码
				byte[] -- String

编码问题很简单，只要编码和解码的格式是一致的。

3. OutputStreamWriter

OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream os) : 默认编码
OutputStreamWriter(OutputStream os,String charsetName) : 指定编码

4. InputStreamReader

InputStreamReader(InputStream is) : 用默认编码读取数据
InputStreamReader(InputStream is,String charsetName ) : 用指定编码读取数据

5. 字符流的5种写数据的方式

		// 为什么数据没进去呢？
		// 字符 = 2字节
		// 文件中数据存储的基本单位是字节

A. public void write(int c) throws IOException : 写入单个字符
B. public void write(char[]) throws IOException : 写入一个字符数组
C. public void write(char[] cbuf, int off, int len) throws IOException : 写入字符数组的某一部分
D. public void write(String str) throws IOException : 写入一个字符串
E. public void write(String str, int off, int len) throws IOException : 写入字符串的某一部分

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;

public class OutputStreamWriterDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		
		OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream("osw2.txt"));
		
//		osw.write('a');
//		osw.write(97);

		// 为什么数据没进去呢？
		// 字符 = 2字节
		// 文件中数据存储的基本单位是字节
		
//		char[] chs = {'a','b','e','d','c'};
//		osw.write(chs,1,2);
		
		osw.write("淋雨一直走.mp3 - 张韶涵",6,6);
		
		osw.flush();
		
		osw.write("\n淋雨一直走.mp3 - 张韶涵");
		
		osw.close();
		
	}

}

6. OutputStreamWriter的close()方法和flush()方法的区别？

A. close()关闭此流，但要先刷新它。在关闭该流之后，再调用 write() 或 flush() 将导致抛出 IOException。关闭以前关闭的流无效。
B. 仅仅刷新该流的缓冲。刷新之后，流对象还可以继续使用
C. 两种方法都可以刷新写出的数据，即促使字符转换为字节，因为都刷新流的缓冲了

7. 字符流的2种读数据的方式

package zywaf.yty.practice_02;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

public class InputStreamReaderDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
	
		InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("CopyImageDemo.java"));
		
//		int ch = 0;
//		while ((ch = isr.read()) != -1) {
//			System.out.print((char)ch);
//		}
//		
//		isr.close();
		
		int len = 0;
		char[] chs = new char[1024];
		while ((len = isr.read(chs)) != -1) {
			System.out.println(new String(chs,0,len));
		}
		
		isr.close();
		
	}

}

8. 字符流复制文本文件案例1

package zywaf.yty.practice_03;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;

public class CopyFileDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		
		InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("b.txt"));
		
		OutputStreamWriter osr = new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream("a.txt"));
//		
//		int by = 0;
//		while ((by = isr.read()) != -1) {
//			osr.write(by);
//		}
		
		int len = 0;
		char[] chs = new char[1024];
		while ((len = isr.read(chs)) != -1) {
			osr.write(chs, 0, len);
		}
		
		osr.close();
		isr.close();

	}

}

9. 字符流复制文本文件案例2(FileReader - InputStreamReader子类、FileWriter - OutputStreamWriter子类)

package zywaf.yty.practice_03;

import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CopyFileDemo2 {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		
		FileReader fr = new FileReader("d.txt");
		FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("e.txt");
		
//		int ch = 0;
//		while ((ch = fr.read()) != -1) {
//			fw.write(ch);
//		}
		
		int len = 0;
		char[] chs = new char[1024];
		while ((len = fr.read(chs)) != -1) {
			fw.write(chs, 0, len);
			fw.flush();
		}
		
		fw.close();
		fr.close();
	}
}

10. 字符缓冲输出流BufferedWriter与字符缓冲输入流BufferedReader的使用

Reader
			|--InputStreamReader
				|--FileReader
			|--BufferedReader
Writer
			|--OutputStreamWriter
				|--FileWriter
			|--BufferedWriter

字符流为了高效读写，也提供了对应的字符缓冲流。
BufferedWriter : 字符缓冲输出流
BufferedReader : 字符缓冲输入流

package zywaf.yty.practice_04;

import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;

public class BufferedWriterDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		
//		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("bw.txt"));
		
		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream("bw.txt")));
		
		bw.write("zyWAF");
		bw.write("_");
		bw.write("YTY");
		
		bw.flush();
		bw.close();
		
	}

}

package zywaf.yty.practice_04;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;

public class BufferedReaderDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("c.txt"));
		
//		int ch = 0;
//		while ((ch = br.read()) != -1) {
//			System.out.print((char)ch);
//		}
		
		int len = 0;
		char[] chs = new char[1024];
		while ((len = br.read(chs)) != -1) {
			System.out.print(new String(chs, 0, len));
		}
		
		br.close();
		
	}

}

11. 字符缓冲流复制文本文件案例1

package zywaf.yty.practice_05;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;

public class CopyFileDemo1 {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		
//		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("fum.txt"));
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("fum.txt")));
		
//		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("lau.txt"));
		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream("lau.txt")));
		
//		int ch = 0;
//		while ((ch = br.read()) != -1) {
//			bw.write(ch);
//		}
		
		int len = 0;
		char[] chs = new char[1024];
		while ((len = br.read(chs)) != -1) {
			bw.write(chs, 0, len);
		}
		
		bw.flush();
		bw.close();
		br.close();

	}

}

12. 字符缓冲流的特殊功能(BufferedReader 的readLine() 方法和BufferedWriter的newLine()方法)

BufferedReader public String readLine() throws IOException : 一次读取一行数据。包含该行内容的字符串，不包含任何行终止符，如果已到达流末尾，则返回 null
BufferedWriter public void newLine() throws IOException : 根据系统来决定换行符

package zywaf.yty.practice_06;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;

public class BufferedDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		
//		write();
		
		read();
	}

	private static void read() throws IOException {
		
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("Rolex.txt"));
		String line = null;
		while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
			System.out.println(line);
		}
		br.close();
		
	}

	private static void write() throws IOException {
		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("Rolex.txt"));

		for (int x = 0; x < 10; x++) {
			bw.write("黑水鬼" + (x+1));
//			bw.write("\r\n");
			bw.newLine();
			bw.flush();
		}
		
		
		bw.close();
		
	}

}

13. 字符缓冲流复制文本文件案例2(用BufferedReader 的readLine() 方法和BufferedWriter的newLine()方法)

package zywaf.yty.practice_05;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;

public class CopyFileDemo2 {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		
		// 封装数据源
//		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("waf.txt"));
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream("waf.txt")));
		
		// 封装目的地
//		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("zywafyty.txt"));
		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream("zywafyty.txt")));
		
		// 读写数据
		String line = null;
		while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
			bw.write(line);
			bw.newLine();
			bw.flush();
		}

		bw.close();
		br.close();
	}

}

14. IO流小结图解

在这里插入图片描述

15. 复制文本文件的5种方式案例

package zywaf.yty.practice_01;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

public class CopyFileDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		
		String inputString = "f.txt";
		String outputString = "g.txt";
//		method1(inputString,outputString);
//		method2(inputString,outputString);
//		method3(inputString,outputString);
//		method4(inputString,outputString);
		method5(inputString,outputString);
	}
	
	// 字符流一次读写一个字符串
		private static void method5(String inputString, String outputString) throws IOException {
			
			BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(inputString));
			BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(outputString));
			
			String line = null;
			while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
				bw.write(line);
				bw.newLine();
				bw.flush();
			}
			
			bw.close();
			br.close();
		}
	
	// 字符缓冲流一次读写一个字符数组
		private static void method4(String inputString, String outputString) throws IOException {
			
//			FileReader fr = new FileReader(inputString);
//			FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(outputString);
			BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(inputString)));
			BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(outputString));
			
//			int ch = 0;
//			while ((ch = fr.read()) != -1) {
//				fw.write(ch);
//			}
			
			char[] chs = new char[1024];
			int len = 0;
			while ((len = br.read(chs)) != -1) {
				bw.write(chs, 0, len);
			}
			
			bw.close();
			br.close();
		}
	
	// 字符缓冲流一次读写一个字符
	private static void method3(String inputString, String outputString) throws IOException {
		
//		FileReader fr = new FileReader(inputString);
//		FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(outputString);
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(inputString));
		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(outputString));
		
		int ch = 0;
		while ((ch = br.read()) != -1) {
			bw.write(ch);
		}
		
		bw.close();
		br.close();
	}

	
	// 基本字符流一次读写一个字符数组
	private static void method2(String inputString, String outputString) throws IOException {
		
		FileReader fr = new FileReader(inputString);
		FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(outputString);
		
//		int ch = 0;
//		while ((ch = fr.read()) != -1) {
//			fw.write(ch);
//		}
		
		char[] chs = new char[1024];
		int len = 0;
		while ((len = fr.read(chs)) != -1) {
			fw.write(chs, 0, len);
		}
		
		fw.close();
		fr.close();
	}
	
	// 基本字符流一次读写一个字符
	private static void method1(String inputString, String outputString) throws IOException {
		
		FileReader fr = new FileReader(inputString);
		FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(outputString);
		
		int ch = 0;
		while ((ch = fr.read()) != -1) {
			fw.write(ch);
		}
		
		fw.close();
		fr.close();
	}

}

16. 复制图片的4种方式案例

package zywaf.yty.practice_02;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CopyImageDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		
		String beforeVideo = "/Users/yangtengyu/downloads/酷爱WAF丨哈狗帮/轻熟女27&1080P.mp4";
		String afterVideo  = "轻熟女27.mp4";
//		method1(beforeImage,afterImage);
//		method2(beforeImage,afterImage);
//		method3(beforeImage,afterImage);
		method4(beforeVideo,afterVideo);
	}

	// 4.缓冲高效字节流一次读写一个字节数组
			private static void method4(String beforeVideo, String afterVideo) throws IOException {
				
				BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(beforeVideo));
				BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(afterVideo));
				
//				int by = 0;
//				while ((by = bis.read()) != -1) {
//					bos.write(by);
//				}
				
				int len = 0;
				byte[] bys = new byte[1024];
				while ((len = bis.read(bys)) != -1) {
					bos.write(bys, 0, len);
				}
				
				bos.close();
				bis.close();
				
			}

	// 3.缓冲高效字节流一次读写一个字节
		private static void method3(String beforeImage, String afterImage) throws IOException {
			
			BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(beforeImage));
			BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(afterImage));
			
			int by = 0;
			while ((by = bis.read()) != -1) {
				bos.write(by);
			}
			
			bos.close();
			bis.close();
			
		}


	// 2.基本字节流一次读写一个字节数组
		private static void method2(String beforeImage, String afterImage) throws IOException {
			FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(beforeImage);
			FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(afterImage);
			
			byte[] bys = new byte[1024];
			int len = 0;
			while ((len = fis.read(bys)) != -1) {
				fos.write(bys,0,len);
			}
			
			fos.close();
			fis.close();
			
		}

	// 1.基本字节流一次读写一个字节
	private static void method1(String beforeImage, String afterImage) throws IOException {
	
		
		FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(beforeImage);
		FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(afterImage);
		
		int by = 0;
		while ((by = fis.read()) != -1) {
			fos.write(by);
		}
		
		fos.close();
		fis.close();
		
	}

}

17. 把集合中的数据存储到文本文件案例与把文本文件中的数据存储到集合中案例

package zywaf.yty.practice_03;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class ArrayListToFileDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
		list.add("小糊涂神");
		list.add("大头儿子小头爸爸");
		list.add("蓝皮书大脸猫");
		
		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("a.txt"));
	
		for (String string : list) {
			bw.write(string);
			bw.newLine();
			bw.flush();
	}
		bw.close();
	}
}

package zywaf.yty.practice_03;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class FileToArrayListDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
		
		String line = null;
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("f.txt"));
		while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
			list.add(line);
		}
		
		br.close();
		
		for (String string : list) {
			System.out.println(string);
		}
		
	}

}

18. 随机获取文本文件中的姓名案例

package zywaf.yty.practice_03;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

public class GetRandomName {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("乌鸦高校.txt"));
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
		String line = null;
		while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
			list.add(line);
		}
		
		br.close();
	
		Random r = new Random();
		int index = r.nextInt(list.size());
		
		String name = list.get(index);
		System.out.println(name);
	
	}

}

19. 复制单级文件夹案例

package zywaf.yty.practice_04;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CopyFolderDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		
		File srcFolder = new File("/Users/yangtengyu/desktop/CSDN/尔康");
		File destFolder = new File("/Users/yangtengyu/desktop/CSDN/还珠格格");

		if (!destFolder.exists()) {
			destFolder.mkdir();
		}
		
		File[] fileArray = srcFolder.listFiles();
		
		for (File file : fileArray) {
			String name = file.getName();
			File newFile = new File(destFolder, name);
			
			copyFile(file,newFile);
		}

	}

	private static void copyFile(File file, File newFile) throws IOException {
		BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
		BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(newFile));
		
		byte[] bys = new byte[1024];
		int len = 0;
		while ((len = bis.read(bys)) != -1) {
			bos.write(bys, 0, len);
		}
		
		bos.close();
		bis.close();
	}

}

20. 复制指定目录下指定后缀名的文件并修改名称案例

package zywaf.yty.practice_05;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FilenameFilter;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CopyFolderDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		
		File srcFolder = new File("/Users/yangtengyu/desktop/Java Code/JavaSE_day16/src/zywaf/yty/practice_03");
		File destFolder = new File("/Users/yangtengyu/desktop/CSDN/尔康");
		
		if (!destFolder.exists()) {
			destFolder.mkdir();
		}
		
		File[] fileArray = srcFolder.listFiles(new FilenameFilter() {
			
			@Override
			public boolean accept(File dir, String name) {
			
				return new File(dir, name).isFile() && name.endsWith(".java");
			}
		});
		
		for (File file : fileArray) {
			String name = file.getName();
			File newFile = new File(destFolder, name);
			copyFile(file,newFile);
		}
		
		File[] destFileArray = destFolder.listFiles();
		for (File destFile : destFileArray) {
			String name = destFile.getName();
			String newName = name.replaceAll(".java", ".jad");
			
			File newFile = new File(destFolder, newName);
			destFile.renameTo(newFile);
		}
		
	}

	private static void copyFile(File file, File newFile) throws IOException {
		BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
		BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(newFile));
		
		int len = 0;
		byte[] bys = new byte[1024];
		while ((len = bis.read(bys)) != -1) {
			bos.write(bys, 0, len);
		}
		bos.close();
		bis.close();
	}

}

21. 把一个文件中的字符串排序后再写入另一个文件案例

package zywaf.yty.practice_06;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;

public class StringDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
	
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("s1.txt"));
		
		String line = br.readLine();
		br.close();
		
		char[] chs = line.toCharArray();
		
		Arrays.sort(chs);
		
		String s = new String(chs);
		
		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("s2.txt"));
		bw.write(s);
		bw.newLine();
		bw.flush();
		bw.close();
		
	}

}

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Java基础 - IO(3) : 字符流

1. 字符流字节流操作中文数据不是特别的方便，所以就出现了转换流。转换流的作用就是把字节流转换字符流来使用。转换流其实是一个字符流 : 字符流 = 字节流 + 编码表2. IO流中的编码问题编码 String -- byte[]解码 byte[] -- String编码问题很简单，只要编码和解码的格式是一致的。3. OutputStreamWriter...
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