剔除文件夹中无效图片--支持文件夹中有中文名称（或特殊符号）--且保持目录结构

在工作学习时，有时候你搜集的各种网络上的图片，有些是损坏的，或者是图片非常小，不可读。这些图片，应该被过滤掉。并且我们希望，过滤后的图片，保持原有的目录结构，还需要原来的图片名称乱码、中文之类的，都可以解决。

此时，你可以用下面的代码。

对于不支持的名称编码，直接转成ascii编码了，所以名称是没有保持的。

import os
from PIL import Image
import re
import unicodedata

# set the directory path
dir_path = "/home/work/imagenet"

# create a new directory for the converted images
converted_dir_path = "/home/work/imagenet_converted"
if not os.path.exists(converted_dir_path):
    os.mkdir(converted_dir_path)


# loop over all subdirectories in the directory
for subdir_name in os.listdir(dir_path):
    subdir_path = os.path.join(dir_path, subdir_name)
    if not os.path.isdir(subdir_path) or subdir_name.startswith("."):
        continue  # skip if it's not a non-hidden directory

    # create a new subdirectory in the converted directory for the current category
    converted_subdir_path = os.path.join(converted_dir_path, subdir_name)
    if not os.path.exists(converted_subdir_path):
        os.makedirs(converted_subdir_path)

    # loop over all files in the subdirectory
    for file_name in os.listdir(subdir_path):
        # skip hidden files
        if file_name.startswith("."):
            continue
        # replace any special characters, spaces, and Chinese characters with underscores
        new_file_name = re.sub(r'[^\w\s-]', '', file_name)
        new_file_name = unicodedata.normalize("NFKD", new_file_name).encode("ascii", "ignore").decode("ascii")
        new_file_name = new_file_name.strip().replace(" ", "_")
        # check if the file is an image
        if not new_file_name.lower().endswith(".jpg") and not new_file_name.lower().endswith(".jpeg"):
            # open the image using PIL
            image_path = os.path.join(subdir_path, file_name)
            try:
                with Image.open(image_path) as img:
                    # check if the image has an alpha channel (RGBA)
                    if img.mode == "RGBA":
                        # convert the image to RGB format
                        img = img.convert("RGB")
                    elif img.mode == "P":
                        # convert the image to RGB format
                        img = img.convert("RGB")
                    # create a new file path for the JPEG image
                    jpeg_file_name = os.path.splitext(new_file_name)[0] + ".jpg"
                    jpeg_path = os.path.join(converted_subdir_path, jpeg_file_name)
                    # save the image as JPEG
                    img.save(jpeg_path, "JPEG")
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Skipping file: {file_name}, Error: {str(e)}")
        else:
            # copy the JPEG image to the converted directory
            image_path = os.path.join(subdir_path, file_name)
            jpeg_path = os.path.join(converted_subdir_path, new_file_name)
            os.system(f"cp \"{image_path}\" \"{jpeg_path}\"")