lightoj1370 - Bi-shoe and Phi-shoe（欧拉函数）

http://lightoj.com/volume_showproblem.php?problem=1370

1370 - Bi-shoe and Phi-shoe
PDF (English) Statistics Forum
Time Limit: 2 second(s) Memory Limit: 32 MB
Bamboo Pole-vault is a massively popular sport in Xzhiland. And Master Phi-shoe is a very popular coach for his success. He needs some bamboos for his students, so he asked his assistant Bi-Shoe to go to the market and buy them. Plenty of Bamboos of all possible integer lengths (yes!) are available in the market. According to Xzhila tradition,

Score of a bamboo = Φ (bamboo’s length)

(Xzhilans are really fond of number theory). For your information, Φ (n) = numbers less than n which are relatively prime (having no common divisor other than 1) to n. So, score of a bamboo of length 9 is 6 as 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8 are relatively prime to 9.

The assistant Bi-shoe has to buy one bamboo for each student. As a twist, each pole-vault student of Phi-shoe has a lucky number. Bi-shoe wants to buy bamboos such that each of them gets a bamboo with a score greater than or equal to his/her lucky number. Bi-shoe wants to minimize the total amount of money spent for buying the bamboos. One unit of bamboo costs 1 Xukha. Help him.

Input
Input starts with an integer T (≤ 100), denoting the number of test cases.

Each case starts with a line containing an integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 10000) denoting the number of students of Phi-shoe. The next line contains n space separated integers denoting the lucky numbers for the students. Each lucky number will lie in the range [1, 106].

Output
For each case, print the case number and the minimum possible money spent for buying the bamboos. See the samples for details.

Sample Input
Output for Sample Input
3
5
1 2 3 4 5
6
10 11 12 13 14 15
2
1 1
Case 1: 22 Xukha
Case 2: 88 Xukha
Case 3: 4 Xukha

首先分析下题意，这题就是给你一个数t，让你求使得phi(n)>=t的最小的n。
这题有很多种做法，我简洁的说明两种
1.可以打出1~1e6+7的欧拉数的表，有递推的打法，详情见
http://blog.csdn.net/acdreamers/article/details/8007991
这里有关于欧拉函数和欧拉定理的介绍和一些应用，不妨看一下
接下来就是如何快速的找到第一个值（据说有人直接扫就水过去了，我不了解。。。。）
那么只需要使欧拉函数值的数列变成单调的就可以。
如何实现？因为设n2>n1且phi(n2)<=phi(n1),那么n2肯定不选，所以说我们只需要保存前i项中欧拉函数值得最大值就可以了
phi[i]=max(phi[i],phi[i-1]);
接下来二分查找。我就不多说了
2.
有一个有趣的性质就是
给你一个数t，让你求使得phi(n)>=t的最小的n。
这个n就是大于t的最小的素数。
扔草稿箱了好久，发现证不出来，日了狗了
那么直接打个素数表就好了~~

//这个并没有打欧拉函数的表
#include <stdio.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<ctime>
#include<algorithm>
#define Max 2000000
using namespace std;
typedef long long LL;
int p[Max];
bool vis[Max];
int cnt=0;
void isprime(){//这里窝打一个素数表
    memset(vis,0,sizeof(vis));
    for(int i=2;i<Max;i++){
        if(!vis[i])p[++cnt]=i;
        for(int j=1;j<=cnt&&p[j]*i<Max;j++){
            vis[p[j]*i]=1;
            if(i%p[j]==0)break;
        }
    }
}
int main(void)
{
    isprime();
    int t;
    int cas=1;
    scanf("%d",&t);
    while(t--){
        int n;
        scanf("%d",&n);
        LL sum=0;
        int nu;
        for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){
            scanf("%d",&nu);
            sum+=(LL)p[lower_bound(p+1,p+1+cnt,nu+1)-p];
            /*每次找到第一个比nu大的素数*/
        }
        printf("Case %d: %lld Xukha\n",cas++,sum);
    }
    return 0;
}