用一句话理解Docker

与虚拟机相比，Docker是轻量级的容器。

1. 镜像，文件存储系统，存储Docker所运行服务的全部文件
2. 容器，镜像文件加载到系统后以容器的形式存在
3. 命令，docker的所有命令都是对容器和镜像的管理

镜像

1.1. 镜像的作用，文件存储
1.2. 镜像的创建，使用docker create命令
1.3. 镜像的存储，镜像可以存储在本地或远程的Respository
1.4. 镜像的使用，使用docker run命令需要指定一个镜像名称， docker会自动检测本地-远程相同名字的镜像

容器

2.1. 容器的作用，实现资源隔离的服务
2.2. 容器的创建，使用docker run命令，之后会创建一个容器
2.3. 容器的使用，使用docker exec命令， 进入容器进行操作

命令集

1. attach Attach to a running container
2. build Build an image from a Dockerfile
3. commit Create a new image from a container’s changes
4. cp Copy files/folders from a container to a HOSTDIR or to STDOUT
5. create Create a new container
6. diff Inspect changes on a container’s filesystem
7. events Get real time events from the server
8. exec Run a command in a running container
9. export Export a container’s filesystem as a tar archive
10. history Show the history of an image
11. images List images
12. import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
13. info Display system-wide information
14. inspect Return low-level information on a container or image
15. kill Kill a running container
16. load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
17. login Register or log in to a Docker registry
18. logout Log out from a Docker registry
19. logs Fetch the logs of a container
20. pause Pause all processes within a container
21. port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the CONTAINER
22. ps List containers
23. pull Pull an image or a repository from a registry
24. push Push an image or a repository to a registry
25. rename Rename a container
26. restart Restart a running container
27. rm Remove one or more containers
28. rmi Remove one or more images
29. run Run a command in a new container
30. save Save an image(s) to a tar archive
31. search Search the Docker Hub for images
32. start Start one or more stopped containers
33. stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
34. stop Stop a running container
35. tag Tag an image into a repository
36. top Display the running processes of a container
37. unpause Unpause all processes within a container
38. version Show the Docker version information
39. wait Block until a container stops, then print its exit code