linux设备驱动编写阻塞之等待队列应用2

１．等待队列应用有两种的写法

(1)手动定义以及添加
(2)自动定义以及添加

第一种，手动定义以及添加方法

(1)定义队列头
wait_queue_head_t &my_queue;

(2)定义队列以及添加到队列头中
DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE(name,curreut);
add_wait_queue(&my_queue,&name);

(3)判断条件是否满足并且进行阻塞
while(!condition){
	if(filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK){
		ret = -EAGAIN;
		break;
	}
	__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
	schedule();
	if(signal_pending(current)){
		ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
		break;
	}
}//条件不满足，则会一直阻塞

//设备资源区开始
......
//设备资源区结束

//从myuqeue队列链表中移除，方便下次访问，并设置好进程状态为running
remove_wait_queue(&my_queue,&name);
__set_curret_state(TASK_RUNNING);

(4)条件满足唤醒等待队列头,阻塞休眠的my_queue上的队列进程被唤醒
if(condition){
	wake_up_interruptible(&my_queue);
}

第二种　自动添加以及删除的方法
(1)阻塞等待队列条件满足
wait_event_interruptible(my_queue,condition);
/**
*假如条件condition不满足，wait_event_interruptible会做２件事情
*(1)定义一个队列，并且将其添加到my_queue队列链表中
*(2)保存好原来进程的状态，然后设置目前继承为休眠状态，并调度出去
*假如条件conditioin满足的时候，wait_event_interruptible会跳出休眠，并且会将进程从等待队列中移除，并恢复原来进程的状态。
*/

(2)唤醒等待队列
wake_up_interruptible(&my_queue);

２代码实例（包含两种方法）

代码实例将会参考宋宝华的驱动设备编程写一个例子:
利用等待队列实现一个fifo。
当fifo里面没有数据时，读进程Ａ　fifo要阻塞（所谓的阻塞就是当操作设备条件不满足时，进程进入休眠，直到条件满足后才访问设备并且成功返回），要等写进程B写进数据后才唤醒通知读进程Ａ可以读取;同样当fifo已经写满后，写进程B要阻塞，要等读进程A读取后才唤醒通知写进程Ｂ可以写入。

#include "globalmem.h"
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/completion.h>
#include <linux/wait.h>
#include <linux/signal.h>
#include <linux/sched/signal.h>

#define GLOBALMEM_BUFFER_SIZE 50
#define GLOBALMEM_MAJOR 255

struct globalmem_dev
{
	dev_t devno;
	struct cdev dev;
	unsigned char globalmem_buf[GLOBALMEM_BUFFER_SIZE];
	struct mutex globalmem_mutex;
	wait_queue_head_t r_wait;
	wait_queue_head_t w_wait;
	unsigned long current_len;
	//struct completion globalmem_complet;
};

struct globalmem_dev *globalmem_devp = NULL;

static int globalmem_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
	if(!globalmem_devp)
		return -ENODEV;

	filp->private_data = globalmem_devp;

	return 0;
}

static ssize_t globalmem_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
	int ret = 0;
	unsigned long count = size;
	struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data;
	
	mutex_lock(&dev->globalmem_mutex);
	if(dev->current_len == 0){

		//判断上层访问是否使用不阻塞的标志，不阻塞直接返回再次访问错误。
		if(filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK){
			ret = -EAGAIN;
			goto out;
		}

		//解除互斥量是因为在写进程的时候也会有用到&dev->globalmem_mutex,假如读线程阻塞的时候，不释放dev->globalmem_mutex,
		//那么写进程无法持有dev->globalmem_mutex进入写进程资源访问，那么无法访问写进程资源，current_len一直为空，就无法唤醒读进程。
		//这样会进入死锁状态。
		mutex_unlock(&dev->globalmem_mutex);

		wait_event_interruptible(dev->r_wait,dev->current_len!=0);//当currentcurrent!=0不满足阻塞

		mutex_lock(&dev->globalmem_mutex);
		//判断是否条件满足，不满足被唤醒可能是信号意外唤醒
		if(dev->current_len == 0){
			ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
			goto out;
		}
	}

	//开始访问设备资源
	if(count > dev->current_len)
		count = dev->current_len;
	
	if(copy_to_user(buf,dev->globalmem_buf,count)){
		ret = -EFAULT;
		goto out;
	}else{
		memcpy(&dev->globalmem_buf,&dev->globalmem_buf+count,GLOBALMEM_BUFFER_SIZE-count);
		dev->current_len -= count;
		wake_up_interruptible(&dev->w_wait);
		ret = count;
	}
	//访问设备资源结束

out:
	mutex_unlock(&dev->globalmem_mutex);
	return ret;

}

static ssize_t globalmem_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
	int ret = 0;
	unsigned long count = size;

	struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data;
	DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait,current);
	mutex_lock(&dev->globalmem_mutex);
	add_wait_queue(&dev->w_wait,&wait);

	while(dev->current_len == GLOBALMEM_BUFFER_SIZE){
		if(filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK){
			ret = -EAGAIN;
			goto out;
		}

		__set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
		mutex_unlock(&dev->globalmem_mutex);
		schedule();

		if(signal_pending(current)){
			ret = -ERESTARTSYS;
			goto out2;
		}

		mutex_lock(&dev->globalmem_mutex);

	}


	if(count > GLOBALMEM_BUFFER_SIZE -dev->current_len)
		count = GLOBALMEM_BUFFER_SIZE - dev->current_len;

	if(copy_from_user(dev->globalmem_buf+dev->current_len,buf,count)){
		ret = -EFAULT;
	}else{
		dev->current_len += count;
		wake_up_interruptible(&dev->r_wait);
		ret = count;
	}

out:
	mutex_unlock(&dev->globalmem_mutex);

out2:
	remove_wait_queue(&dev->w_wait,&wait);
	__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
	return ret;

}

struct file_operations globalmem_fops = {
	.open = globalmem_open,
	.read = globalmem_read,
	.write = globalmem_write
};



static int __init globalmem_init(void)
{
	int ret ;

	globalmem_devp = (struct globalmem_dev *)kzalloc(sizeof(struct globalmem_dev),GFP_KERNEL);
	if(!globalmem_devp)
		return -ENOMEM;

	globalmem_devp->devno = MKDEV(GLOBALMEM_MAJOR,0);

	if(GLOBALMEM_MAJOR)
		ret = register_chrdev_region(globalmem_devp->devno,1,"globalmem");
	else
		ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&globalmem_devp->devno,0,1,"globalmem");
	if(ret < 0)
		return ret;

	cdev_init(&globalmem_devp->dev,&globalmem_fops);
	globalmem_devp->dev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
	ret = cdev_add(&globalmem_devp->dev,globalmem_devp->devno,1);
	if(ret < 0 ){
		unregister_chrdev_region(globalmem_devp->devno,1);
		kfree(globalmem_devp);
		return ret;
	}

	globalmem_devp->current_len = 0;
	mutex_init(&globalmem_devp->globalmem_mutex);
	init_waitqueue_head(&globalmem_devp->r_wait);
	init_waitqueue_head(&globalmem_devp->w_wait);
	//init_completion(&globalmem_devp->globalmem_complet);

	return 0;
}

static void __exit globalmem_exit(void)
{
	cdev_del(&globalmem_devp->dev);
	unregister_chrdev_region(globalmem_devp->devno,1);
	kfree(globalmem_devp);
}

module_init(globalmem_init);
module_exit(globalmem_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
MODULE_AUTHOR("gentle");

代码程序参考宋宝华老师的驱动设备编程之阻塞章节，不敢说原创，只是说做了记录笔记总结。