Spring Cloud Alibaba学习（四）：服务消费者

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创建子模块consumer

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-icydate</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.icydate</groupId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>consumer</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End-->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.icydate.ConsumerApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: icydate-consumer
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848

server:
  port: 8081

SpringBoot启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ConsumerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }
}

RestTemplate

创建名为RestTemplateConfig的配置类，用于提供RestTemplate，用于发起HTTP请求

@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

}

接口

@RestController
public class NacosConsumerController {

    # 负载均衡
    @Autowired
    private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    // 取出应用名，传递给Provider
    @Value("${spring.application.name}")
    private String caller;

    @GetMapping(value = "/call/provider")
    public String callProvider() {
        # 选择要访问的提供者
        ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancerClient.choose("icydate-provider");
        
        # 通过获得的服务实例，拼接url
        String url = String.format("http://%s:%s/get/%s", serviceInstance.getHost(), serviceInstance.getPort(), caller);
        return restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);
    }
}

目录结构

 启动项目后，会看到consumer也被注册到了Nacos里

 访问consumer的/call/provider接口，得到下面的返回

 负载均衡

由于使用了LoadBalancer，我们可以点击edit configurations，勾选ProviderApplication的Allow parallel run来允许并行启动Provider

 修改端口后再次启动，可以看到Provider的实例变为了两个

此时重复访问Consumer的/call/provider，会进行负载均衡，Consumer能够访问到不同端口的Provider