SpringBoot整合Jest和Elasticsearch实践

建议大家认真阅读官网文档：spring-data/elasticsearch。

如下所示文档举例说明了如何使用ElasticsearchOperations（默认实现是ElasticsearchTemplate ）：

【1】Spring Data Elasticsearch

① 添加Elasticsearch-starter

pom文件添加starter如下：

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
</dependency>

SpringBoot默认支持两种技术和Elasticsearch进行交互：Spring Data Elasticsearch和Jest。

Jest默认不生效，需要导入io.searchbox.client.JestClient。

maven依赖如下：

<!--导入jest依赖-->
<dependency>
	<groupId>io.searchbox</groupId>
	<artifactId>jest</artifactId>
	<version>5.3.3</version>
</dependency>

② ElasticsearchAutoConfiguration中注册了client，属性有clusterNodes和clusterName。

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③ ElasticsearchDataAutoConfiguration注册了ElasticsearchTemplate来操作ES

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ Client.class, ElasticsearchTemplate.class })
@AutoConfigureAfter(ElasticsearchAutoConfiguration.class)
public class ElasticsearchDataAutoConfiguration {

	@Bean
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean
	@ConditionalOnBean(Client.class)
	public ElasticsearchTemplate elasticsearchTemplate(Client client,
			ElasticsearchConverter converter) {
		try {
			return new ElasticsearchTemplate(client, converter);
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
		}
	}

	@Bean
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean
	public ElasticsearchConverter elasticsearchConverter(
			SimpleElasticsearchMappingContext mappingContext) {
		return new MappingElasticsearchConverter(mappingContext);
	}

	@Bean
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean
	public SimpleElasticsearchMappingContext mappingContext() {
		return new SimpleElasticsearchMappingContext();
	}

}

④ ElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration 启用了ElasticsearchRepository

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ Client.class, ElasticsearchRepository.class })
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.data.elasticsearch.repositories", name = "enabled", havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true)
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(ElasticsearchRepositoryFactoryBean.class)
@Import(ElasticsearchRepositoriesRegistrar.class)
public class ElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration {

}

ElasticsearchRepository接口源码

@NoRepositoryBean
public interface ElasticsearchRepository<T, ID extends Serializable> extends ElasticsearchCrudRepository<T, ID> {
    <S extends T> S index(S var1);

    Iterable<T> search(QueryBuilder var1);

    Page<T> search(QueryBuilder var1, Pageable var2);

    Page<T> search(SearchQuery var1);

    Page<T> searchSimilar(T var1, String[] var2, Pageable var3);

    void refresh();

    Class<T> getEntityClass();
}

【2】JestClient操作测试

① application.properties配置

# jest url配置
spring.elasticsearch.jest.uris=http://192.168.2.110:9200

② 测试类

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringBootJestTest {

    @Autowired
    JestClient jestClient;

    @Test
    public void index(){

        Article article = new Article();
        article.setId(1);
        article.setAuthor("Tom");
        article.setContent("hello world !");
        article.setTitle("今日消息");
        //构建一个索引功能，类型为news
        Index index = new Index.Builder(article).index("jest").type("news").build();
        
        try {
            jestClient.execute(index);
            System.out.println("数据索引成功！");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    @Test
    public void search(){
        //查询表达式
        String json = "{\n" +
                "    \"query\" : {\n" +
                "        \"match\" : {\n" +
                "            \"content\" : \"hello\"\n" +
                "        }\n" +
                "    }\n" +
                "}";
        //构建搜索功能
        Search search = new Search.Builder(json).addIndex("jest").addType("news").build();

        try {
            SearchResult result = jestClient.execute(search);
            System.out.println(result.getJsonString());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

③ 测试存储数据结果

---

④ 测试查询数据结果

【3】 Elasticsearch版本调整

① application.properties进行配置

# Spring data elasticsearch配置
spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-name=elasticsearch
spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-nodes=192.168.2.110:9300

这里节点名取自如下图：

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启动主程序，可能报错如下(ES版本不合适)：

---

查看Spring Data官网，其中spring data elasticsearch与elasticsearch适配表如下：

官网地址：https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-data-elasticsearch

我们在上篇博文中安装的ES版本为5.6.10，项目中SpringBoot版本为1.5.12，spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch为2.1.11，elasticsearch版本为2.4.6。

两种解决办法：① 升级SpringBoot版本；② 安装2.4.6版本的elasticsearch。

这里修改暴露的端口，重新使用docker安装2.4.6版本：

# 拉取2.4.6 镜像
docker pull registry.docker-cn.com/library/elasticsearch:2.4.6
# 启动容器
docker run -e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms256m -Xmx256m" -d -p 9201:9200 -p 9301:9300 --name ES02 bc337c8e4f

application.properties配置文件同步修改：

# jest url配置
spring.elasticsearch.jest.uris=http://192.168.2.110:9201

# Spring data elasticsearch配置
spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-name=elasticsearch
spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-nodes=192.168.2.110:9301

此时再次启动程序：

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【4】ElasticsearchRepository使用

我们这里以BookRepository 为例说明。

① BookRepository

类似于JPA，编写自定义Repository接口，继承自ElasticsearchRepository：

public interface BookRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<Book,Integer> {

    public List<Book> findByBookNameLike(String bookName);
}

这里第一个参数为对象类型，第二个参数为对象的主键类型。

BookRepository 所拥有的方法如下图：

② Book实体

// 这里注意注解
@Document(indexName = "elastic",type = "book")
public class Book {

    private Integer id;
    private String bookName;
    private String author;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getBookName() {
        return bookName;
    }

    public void setBookName(String bookName) {
        this.bookName = bookName;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", bookName='" + bookName + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

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③ 测试保存

@Autowired
BookRepository bookRepository;

@Test
public void testRepository(){
    Book book = new Book();
    book.setAuthor("吴承恩");
    book.setBookName("西游记");
    book.setId(1);
    bookRepository.index(book);
    System.out.println("BookRepository 存入数据成功！");
}

测试结果

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④ 测试查询

@Test
public void testRepository2(){
    for (Book book : bookRepository.findByBookNameLike("游")) {
        System.out.println("获取的book ： "+book);
    } ;
    Book book = bookRepository.findOne(1);
    System.out.println("根据id查询 ： "+book);
}

测试结果

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⑤ Elasticsearch支持方法关键字图示

即，在BookRepository中使用上述关键字构造方法，即可使用，Elastic自行实现其功能！

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⑥ 支持@Query注解

如下所示，直接在方法上使用注解：

public interface BookRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<Book, String> {
    @Query("{"bool" : {"must" : {"field" : {"name" : "?0"}}}}")
    Page<Book> findByName(String name,Pageable pageable);
}

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【5】ElasticsearchTemplate使用

封装的就是High Level REST Client，这是基于HTTP协议的客户端，是ES官方推荐使用的。但是要求对ES的DSL语句熟悉，方便自己做复杂的增删改查。

① 存入数据

@Autowired
ElasticsearchTemplate elasticsearchTemplate;

@Test
public void testTemplate01(){

   Book book = new Book();
   book.setAuthor("曹雪芹");
   book.setBookName("红楼梦");
   book.setId(2);
   IndexQuery indexQuery = new IndexQueryBuilder().withId(String.valueOf(book.getId())).withObject(book).build();
   elasticsearchTemplate.index(indexQuery);
}

测试结果如下：

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② 查询数据

@Test
public void testTemplate02(){
    QueryStringQueryBuilder stringQueryBuilder = new QueryStringQueryBuilder("楼");
    stringQueryBuilder.field("bookName");
    SearchQuery searchQuery = new NativeSearchQueryBuilder().withQuery(stringQueryBuilder).build();
    Page<Book> books = elasticsearchTemplate.queryForPage(searchQuery,Book.class);
    Iterator<Book> iterator = books.iterator();
    while(iterator.hasNext()){
        Book book = iterator.next();
        System.out.println("该次获取的book:"+book);
    }
}

测试结果如下：