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Python介绍
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Python优缺点
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优点:易学、可移植性、解释型语言、面向对象、丰富的库
缺点:强制缩进、速度不如C、无法加密、不能使用多线程
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Python版本
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python2.X python3.x
python 2.7兼容版本,停止更新库
python3.x新版本,目前流行版本,持续更新维护库
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Python安装
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windows安装:https://www.python.org/getit/下载安装python,注意解决环境变量问题,继续安装Pycharm客户端,进行python编译调试
linux:自带python,可能需更新版本
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Python编程入门
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字符集介绍
ASCII--->GB2312--->GBK1.0--->GBK18030--->Unicode--->UTF-8
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第一个python程序
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 print("hello world!")
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定义变量
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # Author: Panda Yu 3 name = "panda" 4 print(name)
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input输入
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 name = input("yourname:") 3 print("your name is:",name)
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代码注释
注释掉单行使用#
注释掉多行使用
''' name = input("myname:") print("my name is:",name) '''
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多行输入及数据带入
''' ''' 多行输入,文字拼接
%s 字符代入
{_name}.format(_name=name) 字符带入
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.gif)
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # Author: Panda Yu 3 name = input("Name:") 4 job = input("Job:") 5 age = input("Age:") 6 info = '''-----info of %s------- 7 Name:%s 8 Job:%s 9 Age:%s 10 ______________________ 11 '''%(name,name,job,age) 12 print(info)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.gif)
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # Author: Panda Yu 3 name = input("Name:") 4 job = input("Job:") 5 age = input("Age:") 6 info = '''-----info of {_Name}------- 7 Name:{_Name} 8 Job:{_Job} 9 Age:{_Age} 10 _______________________________ 11 '''.format(_Name=name,_Job=job,_Age=age) 12 print(info)
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if条件语句
简易输入用户名密码进行对比
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.gif)
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # Author: Panda Yu 3 _username = "panda" 4 _passwd = "123456" 5 username = input("Username:") 6 password = input("Password:") 7 if username == _username and password == _passwd: 8 print("welcome to you!") 9 else: 10 print("there are errror username or password!")
定义数值,多次比较
int() 数据类型转换为int
myage = 23 对应 guessage = int(input("guess age:"))
myage = "23" 对应 guessage = input("guess age:")
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.gif)
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # Author: Panda Yu 3 myage = 23 4 guessage = int(input("guess myage:")) 5 if myage == guessage: 6 print("you got it!") 7 elif guessage > myage: 8 print("think smaller!") 9 else: 10 print("you should think bigger!")
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while条件语句
1. while true
猜测数值,猜对退出,N次错误退出
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.gif)
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # Author: Panda Yu 3 myage = 23 4 count = 0 5 while True: 6 if count > 2: 7 break 8 guessage = int(input("guess myage:")) 9 if myage == guessage: 10 print("you got it!") 11 break 12 elif guessage > myage: 13 print("think smaller!") 14 else: 15 print("you should think bigger!") 16 count +=1
2.while+条件
whiile count < 3:
........
else:
print()
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.gif)
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # Author: Panda Yu 3 myage = 23 4 count = 0 5 while count < 3: 6 guessage = int(input("guess myage:")) 7 if myage == guessage: 8 print("you got it!") 9 break 10 elif guessage > myage: 11 print("think smaller!") 12 else: 13 print("you should think bigger!") 14 count +=1 15 else: 16 print("you have error too many times!")
3.while+条件+if 多次判断
猜错三次,询问是否继续,继续count重置为0,不继续 break 提示good bye
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.gif)
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # Author: Panda Yu 3 myage = 23 4 count = 0 5 while count < 3: 6 guessage = int(input("guess myage:")) 7 if myage == guessage: 8 print("you got it!") 9 break 10 elif guessage > myage: 11 print("think smaller!") 12 else: 13 print("you should think bigger!") 14 count +=1 15 if count == 3: 16 continue_file = input("are you want to continue??") 17 if continue_file != "n": 18 count = 0 19 else: 20 print("good bye!") 21 break
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for条件语句
1.for循环 打印I的值
for i in range(x,y,z)
x 起始值
y 结束值
z 间隔值
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # Author: Panda Yu 3 for i in range(10): 4 print("look:",i)
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # Author: Panda Yu 3 for i in range(1,10,2): 4 print("look:",i)
2.for循环三次,猜数字,三次后退出打印信息
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/8f900a89c6347c561fdf2122f13be562.gif)
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/961ddebeb323a10fe0623af514929fc1.gif)
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # Author: Panda Yu 3 myage = 23 4 for i in range(3): 5 guessage = int(input("guess age:")) 6 if guessage == myage: 7 print("you got it!") 8 break 9 elif guessage > myage: 10 print("think smaller!") 11 else: 12 print("think bigger!") 13 else: 14 print("you have error many times!")
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break/continue区别对比
break 退出整个循环
continue 退出当前循环
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 # Author: Panda Yu 3 for i in range(10): 4 if i < 5: 5 print("look:",i) 6 else: 7 print("he he he") 8 #continue 9 break