首先我们给出一段示例程序:
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.util.Iterator;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
public class DOM4JTest
{
/** */ /** */
/** */ /** */
/** */ /** */
/** */ /**
* DOM4J读写XML示例
*
* @param args
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void main(String[] args)
{
try
{
XMLWriter writer = null ; // 声明写XML的对象
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
format.setEncoding( " GBK " ); // 设置XML文件的编码格式
String filePath = " d://student.xml " ;
File file = new File(filePath);
if (file.exists())
{
Document document = reader.read(file); // 读取XML文件
Element root = document.getRootElement(); // 得到根节点
boolean bl = false ;
for (Iterator i = root.elementIterator( " 学 生 " ); i.hasNext();)
{
Element student = (Element) i.next();
if (student.attributeValue( " sid " ).equals( " 001 " ))
{
// 修改学生sid=001的学生信 息
student.selectSingleNode( " 姓 名 " ).setText( " 王五 " );
student.selectSingleNode( " 年 龄 " ).setText( " 25 " );
writer = new XMLWriter( new FileWriter(filePath), format);
writer.write(document);
writer.close();
bl = true ;
break ;
}
}
if (bl)
{
// 添加一个学生信息
Element student = root.addElement( " 学 生 " );
student.addAttribute( " sid " , " 100 " );
Element sid = student.addElement( " 编 号 " );
sid.setText( " 100 " );
Element name = student.addElement( " 姓 名 " );
name.setText( " 嘎嘎 " );
Element sex = student.addElement( " 性 别 " );
sex.setText( " 男 " );
Element age = student.addElement( " 年 龄 " );
age.setText( " 21 " );
writer = new XMLWriter( new FileWriter(filePath), format);
writer.write(document);
writer.close();
}
} else
{
// 新建student.xml文件并新增内容
Document _document = DocumentHelper.createDocument();
Element _root = _document.addElement( " 学 生信息 " );
Element _student = _root.addElement( " 学 生 " );
_student.addAttribute( " sid " , " 001 " );
Element _id = _student.addElement( " 编 号 " );
_id.setText( " 001 " );
Element _name = _student.addElement( " 姓 名 " );
_name.setText( " 灰机 " );
Element _age = _student.addElement( " 年 龄 " );
_age.setText( " 18 " );
writer = new XMLWriter( new FileWriter(file), format);
writer.write(_document);
writer.close();
}
System.out.println( " 操作结束! " );
} catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
执行结果应该是这样:
循环解析节点:
private
void
getAllNodes(String xml)
{
try
{
Document authtmp = DocumentHelper.parseText(xml);
List < Element > list = authtmp.selectNodes( " //sms/node " );
for ( int j = 0 ; j < list.size(); j ++ )
{
Element node = (Element) list.get(j);
nodeByNodes(node);
}
} catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private
void
nodeByNodes(Element node)
{
if (node.element( " node " ) != null )
{
String id = node.attributeValue( " id " );
String name = node.attributeValue( " name " );
System.out.print(id + " ------- " );
System.out.println(name);
for (Iterator i = node.elementIterator( " node " ); i.hasNext();)
{
Element newNode = (Element) i.next();
nodeByNodes(newNode);
}
} else
{
String id = node.attributeValue( " id " );
String name = node.attributeValue( " name " );
System.out.print(id + " ------- " );
System.out.println(name);
}
}
其次DOM4J的解释
一.Document对象相关
1.读取XML文件,获得document对象.
SAXReader reader =
new SAXReader();
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/4f1150b881333f12a311ae9ef34da474.gif)
Document document
=
reader.read(
new
File(
"
input.xml
"
));
2.解析XML形式的文本,得到document对象.
String text
=
"
<members></members>
";
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/4f1150b881333f12a311ae9ef34da474.gif)
Document document
=
DocumentHelper.parseText(text);
3.主动创建document对象.
Document document
= DocumentHelper.createDocument();
![](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/4f1150b881333f12a311ae9ef34da474.gif)
Element root
=
document.addElement(
"
members
"
);
//
创建根节点
二.节点相关
1.获取文档的根节点.
Element rootElm
=
document.getRootElement();
2.取得某节点的单个子节点.
Element memberElm
=
root.element(
"
member
"
);
//
"member"是节点名
3.取得节点的文字
String text
=
memberElm.getText();
也可以用:
String text
=
root.elementText(
"
name
"
);
这个是取得根节点下的name字节点的文字.
4.取得某节点下名为"member"的所有字节点并进行遍历.
5.对某节点下的所有子节点进行遍历.
for
(Iterator it
=
root.elementIterator();it.hasNext();)
{
Element element = (Element) it.next();
// do something
}
6.在某节点下添加子节点.
Element ageElm
=
newMemberElm.addElement(
"
age
"
);
7.设置节点文字.
ageElm.setText(
"
29
"
);
8.删除某节点.
parentElm.remove(childElm);
//
childElm是待删除的节点,parentElm是其父节点
9.添加一个CDATA节点.
Element contentElm
=
infoElm.addElement(
"
content
"
);
contentElm.addCDATA(diary.getContent());
contentElm.getText(); // 特别说明:获取节点的CDATA值与获取节点的值是一个方法
contentElm.clearContent(); //清除节点中的内容,CDATA亦可
三.属性相关.
1.取得某节点下的某属性
Element root
=
document.getRootElement();
Attribute attribute
=
root.attribute(
"
size
"
);
//
属性名name
2.取得属性的文字
String text
=
attribute.getText();
也可以用:
String text2
=
root.element(
"
name
"
).attributeValue(
"
firstname
"
);
这个是取得根节点下name字节点的属性firstname的值.
3.遍历某节点的所有属性
Element root
=
document.getRootElement();
for
(Iterator it
=
root.attributeIterator();it.hasNext();)
{
Attribute attribute = (Attribute) it.next();
String text = attribute.getText();
System.out.println(text);
}
4.设置某节点的属性和文字.
newMemberElm.addAttribute(
"
name
"
,
"
sitinspring
"
);
5.设置属性的文字
Attribute attribute
=
root.attribute(
"
name
"
);
attribute.setText(
"
sitinspring
"
);
6.删除某属性
Attribute attribute
=
root.attribute(
"
size
"
);
//
属性名name
root.remove(attribute);
四.将文档写入XML文件.
1.文档中全为英文,不设置编码,直接写入的形式.
XMLWriter writer
=
new
XMLWriter(
new
FileWriter(
"
output.xml
"
));
writer.write(document);
writer.close();
2.文档中含有中文,设置编码格式写入的形式.
OutputFormat format
=
OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
format.setEncoding(
"
GBK
"
);
//
指定XML编码
XMLWriter writer
=
new
XMLWriter(
new
FileWriter(
"
output.xml
"
),format);
writer.write(document);
writer.close();
五.字符串与XML的转换
1.将字符串转化为XML
String text
=
"
<members> <member>sitinspring</member> </members>
"
;
Document document
=
DocumentHelper.parseText(text);
2.将文档或节点的XML转化为字符串.
SAXReader reader
=
new
SAXReader();
Document document
=
reader.read(
new
File(
"
input.xml
"
));
Element root
=
document.getRootElement();
String docXmlText
=
document.asXML();
String rootXmlText
=
root.asXML();
Element memberElm
=
root.element(
"
member
"
);
String memberXmlText
=
memberElm.asXML();