元素定位
- Demo以腾讯视频官网为例:https://v.qq.com/
- id、name
- xpath :一种定位语言(XML Path Language),用来对XML上的元素进行定位,同时也适用于HTML
- driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[@id='keywords']")
- driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="keywords" and @name="q"]')
- driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="searchForm"]/div[@class="search_keywords"]/input[@id="keywords"]')
- 表达式:官网https://www.w3school.com.cn/xpath/xpath_syntax.asp
- 检查表达式:Chrome->Console输入 $x("xpath表达式")
- css_selector:
- driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, '#keywords')
- driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".search_btn")
- 表达式:官网https://www.w3school.com.cn/cssref/css_selectors.asp
- 检查表达式:Chrome->Console输入 $("css_selector表达式")
- link
- driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "海外剧")
- driver.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, "大家")
- tag_name
- driver.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, "input")
- class_name
- driver.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "search_btn")
- 使用优先级
- id、name > css_selector > xpath > link > class_name > tag_name
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
class TestFindElement:
def setup(self):
self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
self.driver.get("https://v.qq.com/")
def teardown(self):
self.driver.quit()
def test_find_element_id(self):
self.driver.find_element(By.ID, "keywords").send_keys("高考")
def test_find_element_name(self):
self.driver.find_element(By.NAME, "q").send_keys("高考")
def test_find_element_xpath(self):
# self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[@id='keywords']").send_keys("高考")
# self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="searchForm"]/div[@class="search_keywords"]/input[
# @id="keywords"]').send_keys("高考")
self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="keywords" and @name="q"]').send_keys("高考")
def test_find_element_css_selector(self):
self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, '#keywords').send_keys("2012")
self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".search_btn").click()
def test_find_element_class(self):
self.driver.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "search_btn").click()
def test_find_element_tag_name(self):
self.driver.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, "input").send_keys("你好")
def test_find_element_link(self):
# self.driver.find_element(By.LINK_TEXT, "海外剧").click()
self.driver.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, "大家").click()