NIO

第一、无阻塞服务器与客户端

主要功能：客户端发一个名字过去（目前只能是英文，比如jack）；服务器就会给客户端返回hello jack！

服务器：

public class Server {
	public static final int PORT = 8888;
	private Selector selector;
	private ByteBuffer sendBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
	private ByteBuffer receiverBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
	private Set<SelectionKey> keys;

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			Server s = new Server();
			s.initServer();
			s.listen();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	// 初始化服务器
	public void initServer() throws IOException {
		selector = Selector.open();
		ServerSocketChannel ssc = ServerSocketChannel.open();
		ssc.configureBlocking(false);
		ServerSocket ss = ssc.socket();
		ss.bind(new InetSocketAddress(PORT));
		ssc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
	}

	// 开始进行对客户端的监听
	public void listen() throws IOException {
		while (true) {
			selector.select();
			keys = selector.selectedKeys();
			for (SelectionKey sk : keys) {
				if (sk.isAcceptable()) {
					ServerSocketChannel ssc = (ServerSocketChannel) sk.channel();
					SocketChannel sc = ssc.accept();
					sc.configureBlocking(false);
					sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
				}
				if (sk.isReadable()) {
					SocketChannel sc = (SocketChannel) sk.channel();
					receiverBuffer.clear();
					StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
					while (sc.read(receiverBuffer) > 0) {
						receiverBuffer.flip();
						// 由于buffer的clear方法不是清空buffer中以前数据，只是重置position与limit，所以在取数据的时候需要下面的操作
						String temp = new String(receiverBuffer.array(), receiverBuffer.position(), receiverBuffer.limit());
						sb.append(temp);
						receiverBuffer.clear();
					}
					System.out.println(sb.toString());
					// 这里需要trim()下
					sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_WRITE, sb.toString().trim());
				}
				if (sk.isWritable()) {
					SocketChannel sc = (SocketChannel) sk.channel();
					sendBuffer.clear();
					sendBuffer.put("hello ".getBytes());
					String temp = (String) sk.attachment();
					sendBuffer.put(temp.getBytes());
					sendBuffer.put("!".getBytes());
					sendBuffer.flip();
					System.out.println(new String(sendBuffer.array()));
					// 处理关闭
					if (temp.equals("exit")) {
						sc.write(ByteBuffer.wrap("exit".getBytes()));
						sk.cancel();
						sc.close();
					} else {
						sc.write(sendBuffer);
						sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
					}

				}
				keys.remove(sk);
			}

		}
	}
}

客户端：

public class Client {
	private InetSocketAddress inetSocketAddress = new InetSocketAddress("localhost", 8888);
	private Selector selector;
	private SocketChannel sc;
	public static int PORT = 8888;
	public static String IP = "localhost";
	public static int SIZE = 1024;
	private ByteBuffer sendBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
	private ByteBuffer receiverBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024); 
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			Client cn = new Client();
			//cn.initClient();
			cn.listen();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public void initClient() throws IOException {
		selector = Selector.open();
		sc = SocketChannel.open();
		//配置无阻塞状态需要在连接前面
		sc.configureBlocking(false);
		sc.connect(inetSocketAddress);
		sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_CONNECT);
	}
	
	public void listen() throws IOException {
		initClient();
		while(true) {
			selector.select();
			Set<SelectionKey> keys = selector.selectedKeys();
			for(SelectionKey sk:keys) {
				if(sk.isConnectable()) {
					SocketChannel sc = (SocketChannel)sk.channel();
					if(sc.isConnectionPending()) {
						sc.finishConnect();
					}
					sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);
				}
				else if(sk.isWritable()) {
					SocketChannel sc = (SocketChannel)sk.channel();
					Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
					if(scanner.hasNext()) {
						sendBuffer.clear();
						String temp = scanner.next().trim();
						System.out.println(temp);
						sendBuffer.put(temp.getBytes());
						sendBuffer.flip();
						sc.write(sendBuffer);
						sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
					}
					
				}else if(sk.isReadable()) {
					SocketChannel sc = (SocketChannel)sk.channel();
					receiverBuffer.clear();
					StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
					while(sc.read(receiverBuffer)>0){
						receiverBuffer.flip();
						if(receiverBuffer.hasArray()) {
							sb.append(new String(receiverBuffer.array(),receiverBuffer.position(),receiverBuffer.limit()));
						}
					};
					System.out.println(sb.toString());
					if(sb.toString().trim().equals("exit")) {
						if(sc != null) {
							sc.close();
							sc = null;
						}
						
						if(selector != null) {
							selector.close();
							selector = null;
						}
						return;
					}
					sc.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_WRITE);
				}
				keys.remove(sk);
			}
			
		}
		
	}
}

第二、buffer

public class BufferTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//用wrap来构造一个buffer
		CharBuffer cb1 = CharBuffer.wrap("hello world!");
		System.out.println(cb1.position());
		System.out.println(cb1.limit());
		System.out.println(cb1.toString());
		//用allocate来构造一个buffer
		CharBuffer cb =CharBuffer.allocate(12);
		//往buffer里放入元素
		cb.put("hello world!");
		//这是把limit掷成position，把position掷成0
		cb.flip();
		System.out.println(cb.position());
		System.out.println(cb.limit());
		while(cb.hasRemaining()) {
			//从buffer里取得元素
			System.out.print(cb.get());
		}
		System.out.println();
		//把position重新掷成0，limit不变
		cb.rewind();
		System.out.println(cb.position());
		System.out.println(cb.limit());
		//取得前2个元素
		cb.get();
		cb.get();
		//做压缩操作，把已经读的从buffer中去掉，这时limit＝capacity，position指向一个元素
		cb.compact();
		cb.flip();
		while(cb.hasRemaining()) {
			System.out.print(cb.get());
		}
		//重置buffer，position＝0，limit＝Capacity
		cb.clear();
		System.out.println(cb.position());
		System.out.println(cb.limit());
	}
}

第三、charset

public class CharsetTest {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//注意我们一般不会直接用Charset，需要转换字符编码可以用String，InputStreamReader,OutputSreamWriter;
		Charset c = Charset.forName("gbk");
		//下面这个bb已经是flip过后的结果了就不需要在flip了
		ByteBuffer bb = c.encode("你好!中国!");
		System.out.println(bb.position());
		System.out.println(bb.limit());
		System.out.println(bb.toString());
		CharBuffer cb = c.decode(bb);
		/*try {
			System.out.println(new String(bb.array(),"utf8"));
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}*/
	}
}