linux可执行文件运行时加载库路径 rpath

运行可执行文件时候报找不到动态库

 error while loading shared libraries: libwiringPi.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

通过readelf -d 可执行文件，可以看到加载库路径

pi@raspberrypimini:~/xxxx$ readelf -d xxxx

Dynamic section at offset 0x11ff9c contains 44 entries:
  Tag        Type                         Name/Value
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libglib-2.0.so.0]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libgio-2.0.so.0]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libgobject-2.0.so.0]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libgmodule-2.0.so.0]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libz.so.1]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libffi.so.7]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [librt.so.1]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libdl.so.2]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libstdc++.so.6]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libm.so.6]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libgcc_s.so.1]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libpthread.so.0]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libc.so.6]
 0x0000000f (RPATH)                      Library rpath: [${ORIGIN}/lib:/data/myprojects/xxx/lib:/data/myprojects/xxx/s                       rc/3rd/gdbus/lib:/data/myprojects/xxxx/src/3rd/wiringPi/lib]

Library rpath 就是运行时加载库路径，如果这里没有你的库路径，那就需要增加。增加方法：

1. 之前一直用的是

set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-Wl,--rpath=\${ORIGIN}/lib")

也就是增加查找 可执行文件当前路径下的lib文件夹，要用到的库都放在这里。

2. 发现 CMakeLists.txt里面的 link_directories()也可以增加

set(LIB_DIR ${LIB_DIR} "./xxx/lib")
set(LIB_DIR ${LIB_DIR} "./bbb/lib")
link_directories(${LIB_DIR})

这种就可以增加多个目录

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补充：
发现会警告link_directories需要绝对路径，可是我这里写了相对路径，可执行文件确实包含了这个相对路径。
有些工程又不允许相对路径，未明。