SpringCloud安装Nacos

1、创建一个Maven项目

 

 

 编辑pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.demo</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.9.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR10</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!--参考文章：https://blog.csdn.net/liupeifeng3514/article/details/80236077-->
            <plugin>
                <!-- 指定maven编译的jdk版本,如果不指定,maven3默认用jdk 1.5 maven2默认用jdk1.3 -->
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <!-- 源代码使用的JDK版本 -->
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <!-- 需要生成的目标class文件的编译版本 -->
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <!-- 字符集编码 -->
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                    <!-- 跳过测试 -->
                    <skip>true</skip>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

删除src文件夹

2、添加微服务，添加两个Module，user-service和order-service

 

 

 

编辑pom.xml，添加相关依赖

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

创建启动类

 

package com.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;


@SpringBootApplication
public class UserApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UserApplication.class, args);
    }
}

添加配置文件，application.yml

server:
  port: 8081

添加访问的接口

 

package com.demo.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;


@RestController
public class UserController {

    @GetMapping("/user/{id}")
    public String user(@PathVariable String id) {
        return "用户：" + id;
    }

}

启动该服务并且访问

 使用相同的步骤创建order-service

 不同的地方，如下：

启动类

package com.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;


@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

}

配置文件application.yml

server:
  port: 8091

控制器

package com.demo.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class OrderController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/order/{id}")
    public String order(@PathVariable String id) {
        // 这里访问user-service的微服务
        String user = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8081/user/" + id, String.class);

        return "订单：" + id + "=====" + user;
    }

}

访问

 现在已经打开了两个服务

 如果没有这样显示，可以按这个来操作：IDEA 开启Services窗口_生骨大头菜的博客-CSDN博客

3、安装nacos

windows安装，访问：GitHub - alibaba/nacos: an easy-to-use dynamic service discovery, configuration and service management platform for building cloud native applications.

选择相关版本安装

 

 nacos默认端口是8848，如果已经被占用，需要修改nacos端口

 

启动nacos

 

命令：startup.cmd -m standalone 

访问：http://localhost:8848/nacos 

账号：nacos        密码：nacos 

 

4、将服务注册到nacos

编辑spring-cloud-demo的pom.xml文件，添加spring-cloud-alibaba的管理依赖：

            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.5.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>

在user-service和order-service中添加nacos的客户端依赖：

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

编辑user-service的application.yml，添加配置

spring:
  application:
    name: userservice  # nacos的服务名称
  cloud:
    nacos:
      server-addr: localhost:8848

编辑order-service的application.yml，添加配置

spring:
  application:
    name: orderservice  # nacos的服务名称
  cloud:
    nacos:
      server-addr: localhost:8848

重启user-service跟order-service服务，可以在nacos中看到服务：

在order-service的启动类中为RestTemplate添加@LoadBalanced注解

package com.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;


@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

}

修改order-service中的接口，使用user-service的服务名来代替ip:port访问：

package com.demo.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;


@RestController
public class OrderController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/order/{id}")
    public String order(@PathVariable String id) {
        // 这里访问user-service的微服务
        String user = restTemplate.getForObject("http://userservice/user/" + id, String.class);

        return "订单：" + id + "=====" + user;
    }

}

重启order-service，并且访问：http://localhost:8091/order/订单用户

可以访问了，成功