【py code everyday line 2】2023-02-24

今天开始在使用eng版来学习 line two 的课程
先来做个复习
而且计划直接使用3rd来学习，let’s go
现在发现英文读起来很舒服，而且不用英文来学习，用中文生硬的来背诵，是比较无效的学习

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
squares = [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.plot(squares)
plt.show()

We create a list called squares to hold the data that we’ll plot. Then we follow another common Matplotlib convention by calling the subplots() function .
This function can generate one or more plots in the same figure.
The variable fig represents the entire figure or collection of plots（代表整个） that
are generated.
The variable ax represents a single plot in the figure and is the variable we’ll use most of the time.

Using Built-in Styles

To see the full list of available styles, run the following lines in a terminal session:

Python 3.11.0 (main, Oct 24 2022, 18:26:48) [MSC v.1933 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
>>> plt.style.available
['Solarize_Light2', '_classic_test_patch', '_mpl-gallery', '_mpl-gallery-nogrid', 
'bmh', 'classic', 'dark_background', 'fast', 'fivethirtyeight', 
'ggplot', 'grayscale', 'seaborn-v0_8', 'seaborn-v0_8-bright',
 'seaborn-v0_8-colorblind', 'seaborn-v0_8-dark', 'seaborn-v0_8-dark-palette', 
 'seaborn-v0_8-darkgrid', 'seaborn-v0_8-deep', 'seaborn-v0_8-muted', 
 'seaborn-v0_8-notebook', 'seaborn-v0_8-paper', 'seaborn-v0_8-pastel',
  'seaborn-v0_8-poster', 'seaborn-v0_8-talk', 'seaborn-v0_8-ticks', 
  'seaborn-v0_8-white', 'seaborn-v0_8-whitegrid', 'tableau-colorblind10']

Plotting and Styling Individual Points with scatter()

use scatter() to plot a single point

import matplotlib.pyplot as pl

pl.style.use('seaborn-v0_8')
fig, ax = pl.subplots()
ax.scatter(2,4)

pl.show()

style the output to make it more interesting
add a title, label, the axes, make sure all the text is large and enough to read

import matplotlib.pyplot as pl

pl.style.use('seaborn-v0_8')
fig, ax = pl.subplots()
ax.scatter(2,4,s=200)

# set chart title and label axes.
ax.set_title("Square Number", fontsize=24)
ax.set_xlabel("Value",fontsize=14)
ax.set_ylabel("Square of Value", fontsize=14)

#set size of tick labels
ax.tick_params(labelsize = 14)
pl.show()

Plotting a Series of Points with scatter()

we can pass scatter() separate lists of x- and
y-values, like this

import matplotlib.pyplot as pl

x_values = [1,2,3,4,5]
y_values = [1,4,9,16,25]

pl.style.use('seaborn-v0_8')
fig, ax = pl.subplots()
ax.scatter(x_values,y_values,s=100)

# set chart title and label axes.
ax.set_title("Square Number", fontsize=24)
ax.set_xlabel("Value",fontsize=14)
ax.set_ylabel("Square of Value", fontsize=14)

#set size of tick labels
ax.tick_params(labelsize = 14)
pl.show()

Calculating Data Automatically

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

x_values = range(1,1001)
y_values = [x**2 for x in x_values]

plt.style.use('seaborn-v0_8')
fig, ax =plt.subplots()
ax.scatter(x_values,y_values,s=10)

# set chart title and label axes.
ax.set_title("Square Number", fontsize=24)
ax.set_xlabel("Value",fontsize=14)
ax.set_ylabel("Square of Value", fontsize=14)

#Set the range for each axis.
ax.axis([0,1100,0,1_100_000])
plt.show()

a list generates the y-values by looping through the x-values (for x in x_value)

Before showing the plot, we use the axis() method to specify the
range of each axis .
The axis() method requires four values: the minimum and maximum values for the x-axis and the y-axis.
Here, we run the x-axis from 0 to 1,100 and the y-axis from 0 to 1,100,000.
这里调整如果调整 ax.axis的值变成 ([0,1000,0,1_000_000])
就会是这样的效果

知道了，原来这个ax.axis是坐标轴的最大最小值，要比Value 大一些，这样会更舒服

Customizing Tick Labels

Matplotlib defaults to scientific notation for tick labels
The ticklabel_format() method allows you to override the default tick
label style for any plot

--snip--
#Set the range for each axis.
ax.axis([0,1100,0,1_100_000])
ax.ticklabel_format(style='plain')
plt.show()

Defining Custom Colors

plt.style.use('seaborn-v0_8')
fig, ax =plt.subplots()
ax.scatter(x_values,y_values,color='red',s=10)

we can also define custom colors use the RGB color model
pass the color argument a tuple (元祖)with three float values (one each for red, green, and blue, in that order)

ax.scatter(x_values,y_values,color=(0,0.8,0),s=10)