mycat读写分离

mycat是大家都熟悉的软件,它不光能做分库分表,更多的也被用于做数据库的读写分离,下面就着重展示一下mycat做读写分离的文件配置

一,修改server.xml

此文件是设置登录mycat的用户账号跟密码,与登录数据库用户密码无关,可以自定义设置,无需在数据库中创建该用户

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- - - Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
	- you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - You 
	may obtain a copy of the License at - - http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
	- - Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - 
	distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - WITHOUT 
	WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - See the 
	License for the specific language governing permissions and - limitations 
	under the License. -->
<!DOCTYPE mycat:server SYSTEM "server.dtd">
<mycat:server xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
	<system>
	<property name="useSqlStat">0</property>  <!-- 1为开启实时统计、0为关闭 -->
	<property name="useGlobleTableCheck">0</property>  <!-- 1为开启全加班一致性检测、0为关闭 -->

		<property name="sequnceHandlerType">2</property>
     <property name="subqueryRelationshipCheck">false</property>  <!--子查询没有分片字段-->
     <property name="serverPort">3310</property>  <!--修改了mycat服务的默认端口8066改为3310-->
     <property name="managerPort">9066</property>
      <!--  <property name="useCompression">1</property>--> <!--1为开启mysql压缩协议-->
        <!--  <property name="fakeMySQLVersion">5.6.20</property>--> <!--设置模拟的MySQL版本号-->
	<!-- <property name="processorBufferChunk">40960</property> -->
	<!-- 
	<property name="processors">1</property> 
	<property name="processorExecutor">32</property> 
	 -->
		<!--默认为type 0: DirectByteBufferPool | type 1 ByteBufferArena-->
		<property name="processorBufferPoolType">0</property>
		<!--默认是65535 64K 用于sql解析时最大文本长度 -->
		<!--<property name="maxStringLiteralLength">65535</property>-->
		<!--<property name="sequnceHandlerType">0</property>-->
		<!--<property name="backSocketNoDelay">1</property>-->
		<!--<property name="frontSocketNoDelay">1</property>-->
		<!--<property name="processorExecutor">16</property>-->
		<!--
			<property name="serverPort">8066</property> <property name="managerPort">9066</property> 
			<property name="idleTimeout">300000</property> <property name="bindIp">0.0.0.0</property> 
			<property name="frontWriteQueueSize">4096</property> <property name="processors">32</property> -->
		<!--分布式事务开关，0为不过滤分布式事务，1为过滤分布式事务（如果分布式事务内只涉及全局表，则不过滤），2为不过滤分布式事务,但是记录分布式事务日志-->
		<property name="handleDistributedTransactions">0</property>
		
			<!--
			off heap for merge/order/group/limit      1开启   0关闭
		-->
		<property name="useOffHeapForMerge">1</property>
               
		<!--
			单位为m
		-->
		<property name="memoryPageSize">1m</property>

		<!--
			单位为k
		-->
		<property name="spillsFileBufferSize">1k</property>

		<property name="useStreamOutput">0</property>

		<!--
			单位为m
		-->
		<property name="systemReserveMemorySize">384m</property>


		<!--是否采用zookeeper协调切换  -->
		<property name="useZKSwitch">true</property>


	</system>
	
	<!-- 全局SQL防火墙设置 -->
	<!-- 
	<firewall> 
	   <whitehost>
	      <host host="127.0.0.1" user="mycat"/>
	      <host host="127.0.0.2" user="mycat"/>
	   </whitehost>
       <blacklist check="false">
       </blacklist>
	</firewall>
	-->
        <!--该用户是登录mycat时使用的用户,使用该用户登录,可以对指定的库有所有权限操作-->	
	<user name="root">
		<property name="password">123456</property>
                <!--v_test,v_test2逻辑库,名字随便起,但是要跟scheml里边配置的保持统一,需要分片,读写分离几个库,对应的就要写几个逻辑库-->
		<property name="schemas">v_test,v_test2</property>
		
		<!-- 表级 DML 权限设置 -->
		<!-- 		
		<privileges check="false">
			<schema name="TESTDB" dml="0110" >
				<table name="tb01" dml="0000"></table>
				<table name="tb02" dml="1111"></table>
			</schema>
		</privileges>		
		 -->
	</user>
      <!--该用户是登录mycat时使用的用户,使用该用登录mycat,对指定的库只有读权限-->
	<user name="readonly">
		<property name="password">123456</property>
		<property name="schemas">v_test,v_test2</property>
		<property name="readOnly">true</property>
	</user>

</mycat:server>

二,修改mycat的scheml.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
        <!--有几个真实库需要做读写分离,就要写几个schema-->  
	<schema name="v_test" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn1"></schema>
	<schema name="v_test2" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn2"></schema>
	<!-- <dataNode name="dn1$0-743" dataHost="localhost1" database="db$0-743"
		/> -->
	<!--test跟test2为真实库名称-->
	<dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="localhost1" database="test" />
	<dataNode name="dn2" dataHost="localhost2" database="test2" />
	<!--<dataNode name="dn4" dataHost="sequoiadb1" database="SAMPLE" />
	 <dataNode name="jdbc_dn1" dataHost="jdbchost" database="db1" />
	<dataNode	name="jdbc_dn2" dataHost="jdbchost" database="db2" />
	<dataNode name="jdbc_dn3" 	dataHost="jdbchost" database="db3" /> -->
	<dataHost name="localhost1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="3"
			  writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
		<heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
		<!-- can have multi write hosts -->
		<!--root为登录mysql数据库的用户跟密码,该用户需要有读写权限-->
		<writeHost host="hostM" url="192.168.1.90:3306" user="root" password="123456">
			<!-- can have multi read hosts -->
			<!--readonly为登录数据库的用户名跟密码,该用户对数据库只有读权限,如果做了mysql集群,下边写所有的salve从库的配置信息,mycat会做负载均衡,随机选择一个库读取数据-->
			<readHost host="hostS1" url="192.168.1.106:3306" user="readonly" password="123456" />
			<readHost host="hostS2" url="192.168.1.180:3306" user="readonly" password="123456" />
			<readHost host="hostS3" url="192.168.1.240:3306" user="readonly" password="123456" />
		</writeHost>
		<!-- <writeHost host="hostM2" url="localhost:3316" user="root" password="123456"/> -->
	</dataHost>
        <dataHost name="localhost2" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="3"
                          writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
                <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
                <!-- can have multi write hosts -->
                <writeHost host="hostM" url="192.168.1.90:3306" user="root" password="123456">
                        <!-- can have multi read hosts -->
                        <readHost host="hostS1" url="192.168.1.106:3306" user="readonly" password="123456" />
                        <readHost host="hostS2" url="192.168.1.180:3306" user="readonly" password="123456" />
                        <readHost host="hostS3" url="192.168.1.240:3306" user="readonly" password="123456" />
                </writeHost>
                <!-- <writeHost host="hostM2" url="localhost:3316" user="root" password="123456"/> -->
        </dataHost>
        
	<!--
		<dataHost name="sequoiadb1" maxCon="1000" minCon="1" balance="0" dbType="sequoiadb" dbDriver="jdbc">
		<heartbeat> 		</heartbeat>
		 <writeHost host="hostM1" url="sequoiadb://1426587161.dbaas.sequoialab.net:11920/SAMPLE" user="jifeng" 	password="jifeng"></writeHost>
		 </dataHost>

	  <dataHost name="oracle1" maxCon="1000" minCon="1" balance="0" writeType="0" 	dbType="oracle" dbDriver="jdbc"> <heartbeat>select 1 from dual</heartbeat>
		<connectionInitSql>alter session set nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'</connectionInitSql>
		<writeHost host="hostM1" url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:nange" user="base" 	password="123456" > </writeHost> </dataHost>

		<dataHost name="jdbchost" maxCon="1000" 	minCon="1" balance="0" writeType="0" dbType="mongodb" dbDriver="jdbc">
		<heartbeat>select 	user()</heartbeat>
		<writeHost host="hostM" url="mongodb://192.168.0.99/test" user="admin" password="123456" ></writeHost> </dataHost>

		<dataHost name="sparksql" maxCon="1000" minCon="1" balance="0" dbType="spark" dbDriver="jdbc">
		<heartbeat> </heartbeat>
		 <writeHost host="hostM1" url="jdbc:hive2://feng01:10000" user="jifeng" 	password="jifeng"></writeHost> </dataHost> -->

	<!-- <dataHost name="jdbchost" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0" dbType="mysql"
		dbDriver="jdbc"> <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat> <writeHost host="hostM1"
		url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306" user="root" password="123456"> </writeHost>
		</dataHost> -->
</mycat:schema>

注:在使用mycat连接数据库的时候,如果在切换库名(use 逻辑库名)时响应比较慢,并且在show tables时报错,查看mycat.log,报错

 WARN [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (io.mycat.backend.mysql.nio.MySQLConnectionAuthenticator.handle(MySQLConnectionAuthenticator.java:91)) - can't connect to mysql server ,errmsg:Host '192.168.1.47' is blocked because of many connection errors; unblock with 'mysqladmin flush-hosts' MySQLConnection

考虑是被数据库拒绝,因为数据库的保护机制,mycat在短时间内尝试连接数据库失败,mysql中max_connect_errors的值达到上线(可以使用show variables like ‘max_connect_errors’;查看设置的值).被系统认为有用户在尝试暴力破解数据库密码,所以会拒绝该连接ip的继续接入,解决办法:
1.重启数据库
2.使用mysqladmin flush-hosts -u数据库用户名 -p数据库密码 -h数据库ip -P数据库端口 清掉该缓存
3.登录相应的数据库执行mysql> flush host