数据库---MySQL的命令行命令（在已创建的表中添加主键、自增、默认值）

1、MySQL命令行创建一个订单表

mysql> create table order_table(
    -> order_id int not null,
    -> price float(10,2),
    -> user_id int);

创建成功，效果如下：

mysql> desc order_table;
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field    | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| order_id | int(11)     | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| price    | float(10,2) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| user_id  | int(11)     | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set

---

---

2、为已建好的表中 order_id 添加主键

mysql> alter table order_table add primary key(order_id);

添加成功，效果如下：

mysql> desc order_table;
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field    | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| order_id | int(11)     | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
| price    | float(10,2) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| user_id  | int(11)     | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set

---

---

3、为已建好的表中 order_id 添加自增

mysql> alter table order_table modify order_id int auto_increment;

添加成功，效果如下：

mysql> desc order_table;
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field    | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| order_id | int(11)     | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| price    | float(10,2) | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| user_id  | int(11)     | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
3 rows in set

---

---

4、为已建好的表中 price 添加默认值：

mysql> alter table order_table modify price float(10,2) default '1234';

添加成功，效果如下：

mysql> desc order_table;
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field    | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| order_id | int(11)     | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| price    | float(10,2) | YES  |     | 1234.00 |                |
| user_id  | int(11)     | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
3 rows in set