写在前面
-
APP开发避免不开系统权限的问题，如何在APP以更加友好的方式向用户展示系统权限，似乎也是开发过程中值得深思的一件事；
-
那如何提高APP获取iOS系统权限的通过率呢？
1.在用户打开APP时就向用户请求权限；
2.告知用户授权权限后能够获得好处之后，再向用户请求权限；
3.在绝对必要的情况下才向用户请求权限，例如：用户访问照片库时请求访问系统相册权限；
4.在展示系统权限的对话框前，先向用户显示自定义的对话框，若用户选择不允许，默认无操作，若用户选择允许，再展示系统对话框。 -
上述情况在开发过程中是经常遇到的，不同方式的选择会影响最后用户交互体验。这一点感悟正是源于上一周工作遇到的问题：适配iOS10，如何获取应用联网权限用以管理系统对话框的显示管理。当我把这个问题解决后，感觉有必要将常用的iOS系统权限做一个总结，以便后用。
权限分类
- 联网权限
- 相册权限
- 相机、麦克风权限
- 定位权限
- 推送权限
- 通讯录权限
- 日历、备忘录权限
联网权限
- 引入头文件 @import CoreTelephony;
- 应用启动后，检测应用中是否有联网权限
CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init];
cellularData.cellularDataRestrictionDidUpdateNotifier = ^(CTCellularDataRestrictedState state){
//获取联网状态
switch (state) {
case kCTCellularDataRestricted:
NSLog(@"Restricrted");
break;
case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted:
NSLog(@"Not Restricted");
break;
case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown:
NSLog(@"Unknown");
break;
default:
break;
};
};
- 查询应用是否有联网功能
CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init];
CTCellularDataRestrictedState state = cellularData.restrictedState;
switch (state) {
case kCTCellularDataRestricted:
NSLog(@"Restricrted");
break;
case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted:
NSLog(@"Not Restricted");
break;
case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown:
NSLog(@"Unknown");
break;
default:
break;
}
相册权限–iOS 9.0之前
- 导入头文件@import AssetsLibrary;
- 检查是否有相册权限
ALAuthorizationStatus status = [ALAssetsLibrary authorizationStatus];
switch (status) {
case ALAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
NSLog(@"Authorized");
break;
case ALAuthorizationStatusDenied:
NSLog(@"Denied");
break;
case ALAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
NSLog(@"not Determined");
break;
case ALAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
NSLog(@"Restricted");
break;
default:
break;
相册权限–iOS 8.0之后
- 导入头文件@import Photos;
- 检查是否有相册权限
PHAuthorizationStatus photoAuthorStatus = [PHPhotoLibrary authorizationStatus];
switch (photoAuthorStatus) {
case PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
NSLog(@"Authorized");
break;
case PHAuthorizationStatusDenied:
NSLog(@"Denied");
break;
case PHAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
NSLog(@"not Determined");
break;
case PHAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
NSLog(@"Restricted");
break;
default:
break;
}
获取相册权限
[PHPhotoLibrary requestAuthorization:^(PHAuthorizationStatus status) {
if (status == PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
NSLog(@"Authorized");
}else{
NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
}
}];
相机和麦克风权限
- 导入头文件@import AVFoundation;
- 检查是否有相机或麦克风权限
AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];//相机权限
AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio];//麦克风权限
switch (AVstatus) {
case AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
NSLog(@"Authorized");
break;
case AVAuthorizationStatusDenied:
NSLog(@"Denied");
break;
case AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
NSLog(@"not Determined");
break;
case AVAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
NSLog(@"Restricted");
break;
default:
break;
}
- 获取相机或麦克风权限
[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {//相机权限
if (granted) {
NSLog(@"Authorized");
}else{
NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
}
}];
[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {//麦克风权限
if (granted) {
NSLog(@"Authorized");
}else{
NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
}
}];
定位权限
- 导入头文件**@import CoreLocation;**
- 由于iOS8.0之后定位方法的改变，需要在info.plist中进行配置；
- 检查是否有定位权限
BOOL isLocation = [CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled];
if (!isLocation) {
NSLog(@"not turn on the location");
}
CLAuthorizationStatus CLstatus = [CLLocationManager authorizationStatus];
switch (CLstatus) {
case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:
NSLog(@"Always Authorized");
break;
case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:
NSLog(@"AuthorizedWhenInUse");
break;
case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:
NSLog(@"Denied");
break;
case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
NSLog(@"not Determined");
break;
case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
NSLog(@"Restricted");
break;
default:
break;
}
- 获取定位权限
CLLocationManager *manager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
[manager requestAlwaysAuthorization];//一直获取定位信息
[manager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];//使用的时候获取定位信息
- 在代理方法中查看权限是否改变
- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didChangeAuthorizationStatus:(CLAuthorizationStatus)status{
switch (status) {
case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:
NSLog(@"Always Authorized");
break;
case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:
NSLog(@"AuthorizedWhenInUse");
break;
case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:
NSLog(@"Denied");
break;
case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
NSLog(@"not Determined");
break;
case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
NSLog(@"Restricted");
break;
default:
break;
}
}
推送权限
- 检查是否有通讯权限
UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] currentUserNotificationSettings];
switch (settings.types) {
case UIUserNotificationTypeNone:
NSLog(@"None");
break;
case UIUserNotificationTypeAlert:
NSLog(@"Alert Notification");
break;
case UIUserNotificationTypeBadge:
NSLog(@"Badge Notification");
break;
case UIUserNotificationTypeSound:
NSLog(@"sound Notification'");
break;
default:
break;
}
- 获取推送权限
UIUserNotificationSettings *setting = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge categories:nil];
通讯录权限
iOS9.0之前
- 导入头文件 @import AddressBook;
- 检查是否有通讯录权限
ABAuthorizationStatus ABstatus = ABAddressBookGetAuthorizationStatus();
switch (ABstatus) {
case kABAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
NSLog(@"Authorized");
break;
case kABAuthorizationStatusDenied:
NSLog(@"Denied'");
break;
case kABAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
NSLog(@"not Determined");
break;
case kABAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
NSLog(@"Restricted");
break;
default:
break;
}
- 获取通讯录权限
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL);
ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(addressBook, ^(bool granted, CFErrorRef error) {
if (granted) {
NSLog(@"Authorized");
CFRelease(addressBook);
}else{
NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
}
});
iOS9.0及以后
- 导入头文件 @import Contacts;
- 检查是否有通讯录权限
CNAuthorizationStatus status = [CNContactStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts];
switch (status) {
case CNAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
{
NSLog(@"Authorized:");
}
break;
case CNAuthorizationStatusDenied:{
NSLog(@"Denied");
}
break;
case CNAuthorizationStatusRestricted:{
NSLog(@"Restricted");
}
break;
case CNAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:{
NSLog(@"NotDetermined");
}
break;
}
- 获取通讯录权限
CNContactStore *contactStore = [[CNContactStore alloc] init];
[contactStore requestAccessForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
if (granted) {
NSLog(@"Authorized");
}else{
NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
}
}];
日历、备忘录权限
- 导入头文件
- 检查是否有日历或者备忘录权限
typedef NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, EKEntityType) {
EKEntityTypeEvent,//日历
EKEntityTypeReminder //备忘
};
EKAuthorizationStatus EKstatus = [EKEventStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent];
switch (EKstatus) {
case EKAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
NSLog(@"Authorized");
break;
case EKAuthorizationStatusDenied:
NSLog(@"Denied'");
break;
case EKAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
NSLog(@"not Determined");
break;
case EKAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
NSLog(@"Restricted");
break;
default:
break;
}
- 获取日历或备忘录权限
EKEventStore *store = [[EKEventStore alloc]init];
[store requestAccessToEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent completion:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
if (granted) {
NSLog(@"Authorized");
}else{
NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
}
}];
最后一点
-
素有获取权限的方法，多用于用户第一次操作应用，iOS 8.0之后，将这些设置都整合在一起，并且可以开启或关闭相应的权限。所有的权限都可以通过下面的方法打开：
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString]];
上述的权限多为经常用到的权限，当然不会很全面，大家如有需要其他的权限，可以在下方评论，我会及时加上去的。
希望这篇文章能够给大家的开发带来一些便利。
- 以上内容，就是我对常用算法的简单总结。大家如有其他意见欢迎评论。
- 扫一扫下面的二维码，欢迎关注我的个人微信公众号攻城狮的动态（ID:iOSDevSkills），可在微信公众号进行留言，更多精彩技术文章，期待您的加入！一起讨论，一起成长！一起攻城狮！
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