如果要取得Servlet API中的一些对象,如request、response或session等,应该怎么做?这里的execute不像Struts 1.x的那样在参数中引入。开发Web应用程序当然免不了跟这些对象打交道。在Strutx 2.0你可以有两种方式获得这些对象:非IoC(控制反转Inversion of Control)方式和IoC方式。
1、非IoC方式
要获得上述对象,关键Struts 2.0中com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext类。我们可以通过它的静态方法 getContext() 获取当前Action的上下文对象。 另外,org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext作为辅助类(Helper Class),可以帮助您快捷地获得这几个对象。
HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
如果你只是想访问session的属性(Attribute),你也可以通过ActionContext.getContext().getSession()获取或添加session范围(Scoped)的对象。
2、IoC方式
要使用IoC方式,我们首先要告诉IoC容器(Container)想取得某个对象的意愿,通过实现相应的接口做到这点。具体实现,请参考例6 IocServlet.java。
- package tutorial;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
- import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
- import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
- import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
- publicclass NonIoCServlet extends ActionSupport {
- private String message;
- public String getMessage() {
- return message;
- }
- @Override
- public String execute() {
- ActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("msg", "Hello World from Session!");
- HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
- HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
- HttpSession session = request.getSession();
- StringBuffer sb =new StringBuffer("Message from request: ");
- sb.append(request.getParameter("msg"));
- sb.append("<br>Response Buffer Size: ");
- sb.append(response.getBufferSize());
- sb.append("<br>Session ID: ");
- sb.append(session.getId());
- message = sb.toString();
- return SUCCESS;
- }
- }
classes/tutorial/NonIoCServlet.java
- package tutorial;
- import java.util.Map;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
- import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
- import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletResponseAware;
- import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.SessionAware;
- import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
- import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
- publicclass IoCServlet extends ActionSupport implements SessionAware, ServletRequestAware, ServletResponseAware {
- private String message;
- private Map att;
- private HttpServletRequest request;
- private HttpServletResponse response;
- public String getMessage() {
- return message;
- }
- publicvoid setSession(Map att) {
- this.att = att;
- }
- publicvoid setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
- this.request = request;
- }
- publicvoid setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse response) {
- this.response = response;
- }
- @Override
- public String execute() {
- att.put("msg", "Hello World from Session!");
- HttpSession session = request.getSession();
- StringBuffer sb =new StringBuffer("Message from request: ");
- sb.append(request.getParameter("msg"));
- sb.append("<br>Response Buffer Size: ");
- sb.append(response.getBufferSize());
- sb.append("<br>Session ID: ");
- sb.append(session.getId());
- message = sb.toString();
- return SUCCESS;
- }
- }
classes/tutorial/IoCServlet.java
- <%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
- <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>Hello World!</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <h2>
- <s:property value="message" escape="false"/>
- <br>Message from session: <s:property value="#session.msg"/>
- </h2>
- </body>
- </html>
Servlet.jsp
- < package name ="ActionDemo" extends ="struts-default" >
- <action name="NonIoCServlet" class="tutorial.NonIoCServlet">
- <result>/Servlet.jsp</result>
- </action>
- <action name="IoCServlet" class="tutorial.IoCServlet">
- <result>/Servlet.jsp</result>
- </action>
- </ package >
classes/struts.xml中NonIocServlet和IoCServlet Action的配置