ACPI_SPEC_6.4_introduction

ACPI(高级配置和电源接口)规范旨在为操作系统提供主板设备配置和电源管理的行业通用接口。它统一了预ACPI的电源管理BIOS代码、高级电源管理API等,支持所有类型的计算机实现OSPM,促进系统节能通过将未使用的设备转换到低功耗状态。此文档描述了实现OSPM所需的ACPI硬件接口、软件接口和数据结构。
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The Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) specification was developed to establish industry common
interfaces enabling robust operating system (OS)-directed motherboard device configuration and power management
of both devices and entire systems. ACPI is the key element in Operating System-directed configuration and Power
Management (OSPM).
ACPI evolved the existing pre-ACPI collection of power management BIOS code, Advanced Power Management
(APM) application programming interfaces (APIs, PNPBIOS APIs, Multiprocessor Specification (MPS) tables and
so on into a well-defined power management and configuration interface specification. ACPI provides the means
for an orderly transition from existing (legacy) hardware to ACPI hardware, and it allows for both ACPI and legacy
mechanisms to exist in a single machine and to be used as needed.
Further, system architectures being built at the time of the original ACPI specificati

The Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) specification was developed to establish industry common interfaces enabling robust operating system (OS)-directed motherboard device configuration and power management of both devices and entire systems. ACPI is the key element in Operating Systemdirected configuration and Power Management (OSPM). ACPI evolved the existing pre-ACPI collection of power management BIOS code, Advanced Power Management (APM) application programming interfaces (APIs, PNPBIOS APIs, Multiprocessor Specification (MPS) tables and so on into a well-defined power management and configuration interface specification. ACPI provides the means for an orderly transition from existing (legacy) hardware to ACPI hardware, and it allows for both ACPI and legacy mechanisms to exist in a single machine and to be used as needed. Further, system architectures being built at the time of the original ACPI specification’s inception, stretched the limits of historical “Plug and Play” interfaces. ACPI evolved existing motherboard configuration interfaces to support advanced architectures in a more robust, and potentially more efficient manner. The interfaces and OSPM concepts defined within this specification are suitable to all classes of computers including (but not limited to) desktop, mobile, workstation, and server machines. From a power management perspective, OSPM/ACPI promotes the concept that systems should conserve energy by transitioning unused devices into lower power states including placing the entire system in a low-power state (sleeping state) when possible. This document describes ACPI hardware interfaces, ACPI software interfaces and ACPI data structures that, when implemented, enable support for robust OS-directed configuration and power management (OSPM).
ACPI(Advanced Configuration Management)是1997年由INTEL/MICROSOFT/TOSHIBA提出的新型电源管理规范,意图是让系统而不是BIOS来全面控制电源管理,使系统更加省电。 其特点主要有:提供立刻开机功能,即开机后可立即恢复到上次关机时的状态,光驱、软驱和硬盘在未使用时会自动关掉电源,使用时再打开;支持在开电状态下既插即拔,随时更换功能。 ACPI主要支持三种节电方式,1、(suspend即挂起)显示屏自动断电;只是主机通电。这时敲任意键即可恢复原来状态。2、(save to ram 或suspend to ram 即挂起到内存)系统把当前信息储存在内存中,只有内存等几个关键部件通电,这时计算机处在高度节电状态,按任意键后,计算机从内存中读取信息很快恢复到原来状态。3、(save to disk或suspend to disk即挂起到硬盘)计算机自动关机,关机前将当前数据存储在硬盘上,用户下次按开关键开机时计算机将无须启动系统,直接从硬盘读取数据,恢复原来状态。   ACPI可实现以下功能:   1、用户可以使外设在指定时间开关;   2、使用笔记本电脑的用户可以指定计算机在低电压的情况下进入低功耗状态,以保证重要的应用程序运行;   3、操作系统可以在应用程序对时间要求不高的情况下降低时钟频率;   4、操作系统可以根据外设和主板的具体需求为它分配能源;   5、在无人使用计算机时可以使计算机进入休眠状态,但保证一些通信设备打开;   6、即插即用设备在插入时能够由ACPI来控制。
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