Timer执行过程

Timer 定时器执行过程：Timer TimerTask TimerQueue

Timer是一个单线程 + 最小堆 + 不断轮询

 

Timer time=newTimer();

n  调用构造方法创建timer类

public Timer(){

this("Timer-"+ serialNumber());

}

private final static AtomicIntegernextSerialNumber = new AtomicInteger(0);

private static int serialNumber() {

return nextSerialNumber.getAndIncrement();

}

This方法: 这个name是Timer-0

public Timer(String name) {

thread.setName(name);

thread.start();

}

对name设置值

public final void setName(String name) {

checkAccess();

this.name = name.toCharArray();

}

checkAccess();

这个是权限控制

publicfinalvoid checkAccess() {

SecurityManager security =System.getSecurityManager();

if (security != null) {

security.checkAccess(this);

}

}

 

SecurityManager  对运行的java代码进行权限控制，防止恶意代码的运行

开启线程：

thread.start();  这个运行的是timerThread 的run方法

 

这里先略过，

time.schedule(new TaskTest(), 1000);  定时类设置任务和每次时间间隔执行的时间

 

public void schedule(TimerTask task, long delay){

if (delay < 0)

throw new IllegalArgumentException("Negativedelay.");

sched(task, System.currentTimeMillis()+delay, 0);

}

//初始化task、 task 执行任务  time时间period 间隔

privatevoid sched(TimerTask task, long time, long  period) {

if (time < 0)

thrownew IllegalArgumentException("Illegal executiontime.");

 

// Constrain value of periodsufficiently to prevent numeric

// overflow while still beingeffectively infinitely large.

if (Math.abs(period) >(Long.MAX_VALUE >> 1))   间隔的绝对值 大于 LONG的最大值右移动一位  Long.MAX_VALUE   =9223372036854775807

Long.MAX_VALUE >> 1 =4611686018427387903

period >>= 1;      period右移一位并重新赋值给自己

 

 

 这里插一下开始的时候创建了thread   TimerThread thread = new TimerThread(queue);

                           Queue    private TimerTask[] queue = newTimerTask[128];

synchronized(queue) {

if (!thread.newTasksMayBeScheduled)     判断 线程的newTasksMayBeScheduled 这个值是true还是false

thrownew IllegalStateException("Timer alreadycancelled.");如果是true 就报错

 

 

 

synchronized(task.lock) {

if (task.state != TimerTask.VIRGIN)   判断线程状态 task。State 初始是0  TimerTask.VIRGIN 初始也是0，如果初始状态不等就报错

thrownew IllegalStateException("Task already scheduledor cancelled");

task.nextExecutionTime = time; 任务的下一个执行时间是time

task.period = period;   间隔是period

task.state = TimerTask.SCHEDULED;  TimerTask.SCHEDULED =1

}

queue.add(task);  把任务加入到队列

 

 这里插入一下queue的方法add

void add(TimerTask task) {

       // Grow backing store if necessary

       if (size + 1 == queue.length) size 初始化是0  ，如果size+1是现在队列的长度就默认扩容2倍

           queue = Arrays.copyOf(queue, 2*queue.length);

 

       queue[++size] = task; 加入队列  queue是TimerTask数组，默认初始化128内存

 

 

       fixUp(size);

这里插入fixup   比较队列中现在这个任务和上一个任务的执行时间

privatevoidfixUp(int k) {

        while (k> 1) {

            int j =k >> 1;  右移动是减少 2>>1 变成1

            if (queue[j].nextExecutionTime<= queue[k].nextExecutionTime)

                break;

            TimerTask tmp = queue[j];  queue[j] = queue[k]; queue[k] =tmp;

            k = j;  这里把k减少

        }

    }

 

    }

if (queue.getMin() == task)  如果队列中的  和现在这个task一样 就唤醒其他等待线程

 

getMIn=queue【1】； 

queue.notify();

}

}

、task的执行：

 

publicvoidrun() {

        try {

            mainLoop();

        } finally {

            // Someonekilled this Thread, behave as if Timer cancelled

            synchronized(queue) {

                newTasksMayBeScheduled = false;

                queue.clear();  // Eliminate obsoletereferences

            }

        }

    }

 

   privatevoidmainLoop() {

        while (true) {  //轮循环

            try {

                TimerTask task;

                booleantaskFired;

                synchronized(queue) {

                    // Wait forqueue to become non-empty

                    while (queue.isEmpty()&& newTasksMayBeScheduled)   如果队列是空的就进入等待

                        queue.wait();

                    if (queue.isEmpty())

                        break; //Queue is empty and will forever remain; die

 

                    // Queuenonempty; look at first evt and do the right thing

                    longcurrentTime, executionTime;

                    task = queue.getMin();

                    synchronized(task.lock) {

                        if(task.state == TimerTask.CANCELLED) {

                            queue.removeMin();

                            continue;  // No action required, pollqueue again

                        }

                        currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

                        executionTime = task.nextExecutionTime;

                        if(taskFired = (executionTime<=currentTime)) { //比较执行时间和系统时间

                            if(task.period == 0) { //Non-repeating, remove

                                queue.removeMin();

                                task.state =TimerTask.EXECUTED;

                            } else { //Repeating task, reschedule

                                queue.rescheduleMin(

                                  task.period<0? currentTime   - task.period

                                               : executionTime + task.period);  //这里计算下一次的执行时间，轮询的时候比较下一次的执行时间，如果时间不对就不执行  这里有个问题，就是为什么动态循环都是只有下下一次才能改变这个时间间隔，而不是下一次，因为这次就决定了下次时间的决定。所以timer没办法改变下一次的执行时间，但是可以改变下下次的执行，那么这里我是不是可以重写这个函数，把执行时间可以从外部传进去。

                            }

                        }

                    }

                    if(!taskFired) // Task hasn't yet fired; wait

                        queue.wait(executionTime- currentTime);

                }

                if(taskFired)  // Task fired;run it, holding no locks

                    task.run();

            } catch(InterruptedExceptione) {

            }

        }

    }