Oracle体系架构简介

[size=large]Oracle服务器[/size]
[b] Instance[/b]
--[b]SGA[/b]
---shared Pool(Libnary Cache,Data Dictionary Cache)
---DataBase Buffer Cache
---Java Pool
---Redo Log Buffer
---Large Pool

--[b]后台进程[/b](PGA)
--PMON
--SMON
--DBWR
--LGWR
--CKPT
--Others

[b]Oracle实例[/b]
[list]
[*] 它是访问数据库(Oracle DataBase)的一种方式。
[*] 它仅仅只访问一个数据库(多对一)
[*] 它由内存块和后台进程组成
[/list]
Connection与会话
User process---connection---->Serverprocess<---创建会话--->Oracle Server

Oracle DataBase:
包含三种文件类型

Datafiles Controlfiles RedoLogfiles(存放恢复文件的信息)
除了有这3中基本类型文件外，周围还有一些文件
参数文件：基本参数，初始化的一些值
密码文件：客户端连接的一些口令
归档日志文件：与RedoLogfiles相互相存

操作Oracle:
[oracle@lovo14 ~]$ pwd
/u01/oracle
[oracle@lovo14 ~]$ cd ..
[oracle@lovo14 u01]$ ls
admin database flash_recovery_area lovo.dbf oracle oradata oraInventory
[oracle@lovo14 u01]$ cd oradata
[oracle@lovo14 oradata]$ ls -l
total 16
drwxr-x--- 2 oracle oinstall 4096 May 15 21:14 wilson
drwxr-x--- 2 oracle oinstall 4096 May 20 17:17 xdz
[oracle@lovo14 oradata]$ cd wilson
[oracle@lovo14 wilson]$ ls -l
total 1084520
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Oct 7 23:00 control01.ctl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Oct 7 23:00 control02.ctl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Oct 7 23:00 control03.ctl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Oct 7 22:44 example01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 7 23:00 redo01.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 7 22:44 redo02.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 7 22:44 redo03.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 262152192 Oct 7 22:51 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 503324672 Oct 7 22:56 system01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 20979712 Oct 5 22:00 temp01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 36708352 Oct 7 22:59 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 7 22:44 users01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 7 22:44 users01.dbf
[oracle@lovo14 wilson]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Oct 20 20:44:16 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 343932928 bytes
Fixed Size 1219328 bytes
Variable Size 159384832 bytes
Database Buffers 180355072 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
[oracle@lovo14 wilson]$ ps -ef | grep oracle
root 6573 5323 0 20:41 ? 00:00:00 sshd: oracle [priv]
oracle 6575 6573 0 20:41 ? 00:00:00 sshd: oracle@pts/0
oracle 6576 6575 0 20:41 pts/0 00:00:00 -bash
oracle 6606 6576 0 20:44 pts/0 00:00:00 sqlplus
oracle 6607 6606 0 20:44 ? 00:00:00 oraclewilson (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))
oracle 6610 1 0 20:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_wilson
oracle 6612 1 0 20:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_psp0_wilson
oracle 6614 1 0 20:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_mman_wilson
oracle 6616 1 0 20:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbw0_wilson
oracle 6618 1 0 20:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_lgwr_wilson
oracle 6620 1 0 20:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_ckpt_wilson
oracle 6622 1 3 20:44 ? 00:00:05 ora_smon_wilson
oracle 6624 1 0 20:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_reco_wilson
oracle 6626 1 0 20:44 ? 00:00:01 ora_cjq0_wilson
oracle 6628 1 2 20:44 ? 00:00:02 ora_mmon_wilson
oracle 6630 1 0 20:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmnl_wilson
oracle 6632 1 0 20:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_d000_wilson
oracle 6634 1 0 20:44 ? 00:00:00 ora_s000_wilson
oracle 6636 6606 6 20:45 ? 00:00:07 oraclewilson (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq)))
oracle 6638 1 0 20:45 ? 00:00:00 ora_qmnc_wilson
oracle 6640 1 2 20:45 ? 00:00:01 ora_q000_wilson
oracle 6642 1 0 20:45 ? 00:00:00 ora_q001_wilson
oracle 6644 1 9 20:46 ? 00:00:05 ora_j000_wilson
oracle 6646 1 2 20:46 ? 00:00:01 ora_j001_wilson
oracle 6648 1 1 20:46 ? 00:00:01 ora_j002_wilson
oracle 6650 1 2 20:46 ? 00:00:01 ora_j003_wilson
oracle 6652 1 0 20:46 ? 00:00:00 ora_j004_wilson
oracle 6654 1 0 20:46 ? 00:00:00 ora_j005_wilson
oracle 6656 1 0 20:46 ? 00:00:00 ora_j006_wilson
oracle 6663 6606 2 20:47 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/bash
oracle 6681 6663 0 20:47 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef
oracle 6682 6663 0 20:47 pts/0 00:00:00 grep oracle
[oracle@lovo14 wilson]$ ipcs

------ Shared Memory Segments --------
key shmid owner perms bytes nattch status
0xd4d89218 0 oracle 640 346030080 24

------ Semaphore Arrays --------
key semid owner perms nsems
0x89c98dc4 98304 oracle 640 154

------ Message Queues --------
key msqid owner perms used-bytes messages

[oracle@lovo14 wilson]$ exit
exit

SQL> show sga

Total System Global Area 343932928 bytes
Fixed Size 1219328 bytes
Variable Size 163579136 bytes
Database Buffers 176160768 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
SQL>