西南交通大学数据结构第四次实验报告--基于改进KMP算法的字符文件子串查找

实验内容及要求：

从键盘输入字符文件名以及子串，用改进KMP算法在字符文件中实现子串查找。要求程序输出子串的改进nextval数组元素值以及子串在文件中成功匹配的次数（查找失败输出成功匹配次数为0）。

实验目的：掌握子串查找的KMP算法。

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输入/输出设计简要描述：

输入1：字符文件名，其中储存着主串。且字符文件在程序的同一级目录下。

输入2：模板串

输出1：找到的子串个数

输出2：子串的首字符在主串中的位置（从0开始算起）

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#include <iostream>
#include "fstream"
#include "vector"

using namespace std;


void get_next(const string& compare_string, int next[]) {
    int i = 0;
    int j = 0;
    next[0] = -1;
    while (++i < compare_string.size()) {
        if (compare_string[i] == compare_string[j]) {
            next[i] = j++;
            while (next[i] != -1 && compare_string[i] == compare_string[next[i]]) {
                next[i] = next[next[i]];
            }
        } else {
            next[i] = j;
            j = 0;
            if (compare_string[i] == compare_string[j]) {
                j++;
            }
        }
    }
}

bool improved_kmp(const string& main_string, const string& compare_string, vector<int>& position) {
    int next[compare_string.size()];
    get_next(compare_string, next);
    cout << "nextval: ";
    for (int i = 0; i < compare_string.size(); i++) {
        cout << next[i] << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;
    int main_position = 0;
    int sub_position = 0;
    int main_size = main_string.size();
    int sub_size = compare_string.size();
    while (main_position + sub_size < main_size) {
        while (main_position < main_size && sub_position < sub_size) {
            if (sub_position == -1 || main_string[main_position] == compare_string[sub_position]) {
                main_position++;
                sub_position++;
            } else {
                sub_position = next[sub_position];
            }
        }
        if (sub_position < compare_string.size()) {
            continue;
        } else {
            position.push_back(main_position - sub_position);
            sub_position = 0;
            main_position++;
        }
    }
    if (position.empty()) {
        return false;
    } else {
        return true;
    }
}

int main() {
    string file_name;
    cout << "Please enter the name of the file:" << endl;
    cin >> file_name;
    fstream file("../" + file_name);
    if (!file.is_open()) {
        cout << "File name wrong!" << endl;
    }
    string main_string;
    string compare_string;
    vector<int> position;
    cout << "Please enter the string you are looking for:" << endl;
    cin >> compare_string;
    if (compare_string.empty()) {
        cout << "Empty string!" << endl;
        return 0;
    }
    file >> main_string;
    if (!improved_kmp(main_string, compare_string, position)) {
        cout << "Not found!" << endl;
        return 0;
    }
    cout << "There are " << position.size() << " substring totally." << endl;
    cout << "position:";
    for (auto &i : position) {
        cout << i << ", ";
    }
    cout << endl;
    return 0;
}

注意：由于个人电脑问题，路径有可能会出错，请根据情况修改为 “./” 或者 "../"