2.3 模版方法

1.定义
定义了一个算法的骨架，并允许子类为一个或多个步骤提供实现。

2.优点
提高复用性和扩展性。

3.结构
包括四类方法，模版方法、具体方法、钩子方法和抽象方法。

public abstract class TemplatePattern {
    //模版方法
    public void templateMethod(){
        concreteMethod();
        hookMethod();
        abstractMethod();
    }

    //具体方法，模版方法里确定不变的逻辑
    public void concreteMethod(){

    }

    //钩子方法，子类可以根据实际情况实现的方法
    protected void hookMethod(){

    }

    //抽象方法，必须让子类实现的方法
    public abstract void abstractMethod();
}

4.代码示例

public abstract class KTVRoom {
    public void procedure() {
        open();
        orderSong();
        orderExtra();
        pay();
    }

    public void open() {
        System.out.println("开启设备");
    }

    public abstract void orderSong();

    protected void orderExtra() {

    }

    public void pay() {
        System.out.println("付款结账");
    }
}

public class ChineseCustomer extends KTVRoom {
    public void orderSong() {
        System.out.println("点一首中文歌曲");
    }
}

public class AmericanCustomer extends KTVRoom {
    public void orderSong() {
        System.out.println("点一首英文歌曲");
    }

    @Override
    public void orderExtra() {
        System.out.println("点一盘西瓜");
    }
}

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ChineseCustomer chineseCustomer = new ChineseCustomer();
        chineseCustomer.procedure();

        System.out.println();

        AmericanCustomer americanCustomer = new AmericanCustomer();
        americanCustomer.procedure();
    }
}

开启设备
点一首中文歌曲
付款结账

开启设备
点一首英文歌曲
点一盘西瓜
付款结账

5.源码解析

public abstract class AbstractApplicationContext extends DefaultResourceLoader implements ConfigurableApplicationContext {
	//模版方法
	@Override
	public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
		synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
			//1.具体方法
			prepareRefresh();

			//2.抽象方法
			ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

			prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

			try {
				//3.钩子方法
				postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

				invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				initMessageSource();

				initApplicationEventMulticaster();

				onRefresh();

				registerListeners();

				finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

				finishRefresh();
			}catch (BeansException ex) {
				//......
				destroyBeans();

				cancelRefresh(ex);
				
				throw ex;
			} finally {
				resetCommonCaches();
			}
		}
	}

	//具体方法
	protected void prepareRefresh() {
		this.startupDate = System.currentTimeMillis();
		this.closed.set(false);
		this.active.set(true);

		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Refreshing " + this);
			}else {
				logger.debug("Refreshing " + getDisplayName());
			}
		}
	}
	
	//抽象方法
	protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {
		refreshBeanFactory();
		return getBeanFactory();
	}
	
	protected abstract void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException;
	
	@Override
	public abstract ConfigurableListableBeanFactory getBeanFactory() throws IllegalStateException;

	//钩子方法
	protected void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
	}
}