字符串的对齐-----python

字符串填充及对齐

根据cookbook进行整理

一、python字符串方法

ljust 扩充及左对齐

a = "Hello World"
b = a.ljust(20)  #默认为填充空格，将长度扩展至20
print(b)  #"Hello World         "
c = a.ljust(20,"*")  #在字符串中填充*，将长度扩展至20，并将原字符串左对齐
print(c)  #Hello World*********

rjust 扩充及右对齐

a = "Hello World"
b = a.rjust(20)  #默认为填充空格，将长度扩展至20
print(b)  #"         Hello World"
c = a.rjust(20,"*")  #在字符串中填充*，将长度扩展至20，并将原字符串右对齐
print(c)  #*********Hello World

center 扩充及居中

a = "Hello World"
b = a.center(20)  #默认为填充空格，将长度扩展至20
print(b)   #"    Hello World     "
c = a.center(20,"*")  #在字符串中填充*，将长度扩展至20，并将原字符串居中
print(c)   #****Hello World*****

二、format()函数

1.<+长度实现空白扩充及左对齐

a = "Hello World"
b = format(a,"<20")  #扩展字符串长度至20，左对齐
print(b)  #"Hello World         "

2.扩充字符+<+长度实现字符扩充及左对齐

a = "Hello World"
b = format(a,"*<20")  #扩展字符串长度至20，左对齐
print(b)  #Hello World*********

3.>+长度实现空白扩充及右对齐

a = "Hello World"
b = format(a,"<20")  #扩展字符串长度至20，左对齐
print(b)  #"         Hello World"

4.扩充字符+>+长度实现字符扩充及右对齐

a = "Hello World"
b = format(a,"*>20")  #扩展字符串长度至20，左对齐
print(b)  #*********Hello World

5.^+长度实现空白扩充及居中

a = "Hello World"
b = format(a,"^20")  #扩展字符串长度至20，左对齐
print(b)  #"    Hello World    "

6.扩充字符+^+长度实现字符扩充及居中

a = "Hello World"
b = format(a,"*^20")  #扩展字符串长度至20，左对齐
print(b)  #"****Hello World*****"

7.format()扩充数字长度

a = 1.23245
b = format(a,"<10")
print(b)   #"1.23245   "
c = format(a,"<10.2f")
print(c)   #"1.23      "

8." ".format()

a = '{:>10s}{:>10s}'.format("hello","world")
print(a) #"     hello     world"

三、%扩充对齐

a = "Hello World"
b = "%-20s" %a
print(b)  #"Hello World         "
c = "%20s" %a
print(c) #         Hello World