Android界面：在xml中给view设置的onClick属性是怎么起作用的

在xml中，可以给view设置”onClick”属性，属性的内容为一个形参为View类型的方法名字，这个方法要写xml对应的Activity中。

 <View
        android:id="@+id/view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:onClick="onClick"/>

<declare-styleable name="View">
	···
	<attr name="onClick" format="string" />
	···
</declare-styleable>

view在初始化时，如果发现你设置了”onClick”属性，他会把这个方法名保存下来，然后给view设置一个点击监听器，监听器会通过反射去执行你在xml中设置的方法。

public View(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr, int defStyleRes) {
	···
	for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            int attr = a.getIndex(i);
            switch (attr) {
				case ···:
				case R.styleable.View_onClick:
                    if (context.isRestricted()) {
                        throw new IllegalStateException("The android:onClick attribute cannot "
                                + "be used within a restricted context");
                    }

                    final String handlerName = a.getString(attr);
                    if (handlerName != null) {
                        setOnClickListener(new DeclaredOnClickListener(this, handlerName));
                    }
                    break;
               ···
}

如果你重新设置了点击监听器，就会把view自己设置的监听器替换掉。

下面是监听器的具体实现，看看onClick的部分,其中mResolvedMethod.invoke(mResolvedContext, v)这一句就是执行我们在xml里设置的方法。

private static class DeclaredOnClickListener implements OnClickListener {
        private final View mHostView;
        private final String mMethodName;

        private Method mResolvedMethod;
        private Context mResolvedContext;

        public DeclaredOnClickListener(@NonNull View hostView, @NonNull String methodName) {
            mHostView = hostView;
            mMethodName = methodName;
        }

        @Override
        public void onClick(@NonNull View v) {
            if (mResolvedMethod == null) {
                resolveMethod(mHostView.getContext(), mMethodName);
            }

            try {
                mResolvedMethod.invoke(mResolvedContext, v);
            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                throw new IllegalStateException(
                        "Could not execute non-public method for android:onClick", e);
            } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                throw new IllegalStateException(
                        "Could not execute method for android:onClick", e);
            }
        }

        @NonNull
        private void resolveMethod(@Nullable Context context, @NonNull String name) {
            while (context != null) {
                try {
                    if (!context.isRestricted()) {
                        final Method method = context.getClass().getMethod(mMethodName, View.class);
                        if (method != null) {
                            mResolvedMethod = method;
                            mResolvedContext = context;
                            return;
                        }
                    }
                } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                    // Failed to find method, keep searching up the hierarchy.
                }

                if (context instanceof ContextWrapper) {
                    context = ((ContextWrapper) context).getBaseContext();
                } else {
                    // Can't search up the hierarchy, null out and fail.
                    context = null;
                }
            }

            final int id = mHostView.getId();
            final String idText = id == NO_ID ? "" : " with id '"
                    + mHostView.getContext().getResources().getResourceEntryName(id) + "'";
            throw new IllegalStateException("Could not find method " + mMethodName
                    + "(View) in a parent or ancestor Context for android:onClick "
                    + "attribute defined on view " + mHostView.getClass() + idText);
        }
    }