Android xml onClick原理

背景

    <Button
        android:onClick="handleAction"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="点击"/>

我们在写布局的时候，经常会给一个控件加上android:onClick="handleAction"，然后在我们的代码定义handleAction方法，编写需要进行响应的事件，那么，xml 里面定义的这个handleAction是怎样跟代码里面的方法绑定起来的呢？

源码分析

其实原理很简单，细想一下，其实不看代码，也能够大概知道其原理。我们知道，在只定义view的实现过程中，我们会解析attributeSet配置，将对应的属性设置到view 上，onClick 这个也是同样的原理，看到View的代码实现：

case R.styleable.View_onClick:
    if (context.isRestricted()) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("The android:onClick attribute cannot "
                + "be used within a restricted context");
    }
    final String handlerName = a.getString(attr);
    if (handlerName != null) {
        setOnClickListener(new DeclaredOnClickListener(this, handlerName));
    }
    break;

    private static class DeclaredOnClickListener implements OnClickListener {
        private final View mHostView;
        private final String mMethodName;

        private Method mResolvedMethod;
        private Context mResolvedContext;

        public DeclaredOnClickListener(@NonNull View hostView, @NonNull String methodName) {
            mHostView = hostView;
            mMethodName = methodName;
        }

        @Override
        public void onClick(@NonNull View v) {
            if (mResolvedMethod == null) {
            	//通过反射，找到对应的方法
                resolveMethod(mHostView.getContext(), mMethodName);
            }
            try {
            	//通过invoke 进行方法的调用。
                mResolvedMethod.invoke(mResolvedContext, v);
            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                throw new IllegalStateException(
                        "Could not execute non-public method for android:onClick", e);
            } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                throw new IllegalStateException(
                        "Could not execute method for android:onClick", e);
            }
        }

        @NonNull
        private void resolveMethod(@Nullable Context context, @NonNull String name) {
            while (context != null) {
                try {
                    if (!context.isRestricted()) {
                        final Method method = context.getClass().getMethod(mMethodName, View.class);
                        if (method != null) {
                            mResolvedMethod = method;
                            mResolvedContext = context;
                            return;
                        }
                    }
                } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                    // Failed to find method, keep searching up the hierarchy.
                }

                if (context instanceof ContextWrapper) {
                    context = ((ContextWrapper) context).getBaseContext();
                } else {
                    // Can't search up the hierarchy, null out and fail.
                    context = null;
                }
            }
            //如果找不到方法的定义，则抛出异常
            final int id = mHostView.getId();
            final String idText = id == NO_ID ? "" : " with id '"
                    + mHostView.getContext().getResources().getResourceEntryName(id) + "'";
            throw new IllegalStateException("Could not find method " + mMethodName
                    + "(View) in a parent or ancestor Context for android:onClick "
                    + "attribute defined on view " + mHostView.getClass() + idText);
        }
    }

整个流程其实就是，先通过变量的值，通过反射，找到对应的方法，如果找到了，直接带事件点击的时候进行响应，如果找不到，则抛出异常。