【C++基础】string类的实现

前面说过，C++提供了string类，里面实现了对字符串的各种操作，string类的实现同时也是再面试和笔试的时候比较场考的一类题型。这次的博客就来进行C++里面string类的实现，因为主要是重载里面的一些运算符，所以也算是对运算符重载的练习。

直接来看代码：

String.h

#ifndef STRING_H
#define STRING_H
		
class Mstring
{
public:

	Mstring(const char* );//构造函数重载

	Mstring(const Mstring& src);//拷贝构造函数的重载

	Mstring& operator=(const Mstring &src);//等号运算符重载

	void show();//输出字符串

	char& operator[](const int sit);//下标运算符的重载
	
	char& operator*();//解引用运算符重载

	Mstring operator+(const Mstring &src);加号运算符重载(str1 + str2)

	Mstring operator+(char *str);(str1 + "hello")

	ostream& operator<<(/*this*/ostream& out);重载输出运算符

	istream& operator>>(istream& in);//重载输入运算符
	
	~Mstring();//析构函数

	bool operator==(const Mstring&s);//等号运算符重载
	
	bool operator>(const Mstring&s);//大于运算符重载
	
	bool operator>=(const Mstring &s);//大于等于运算符重载

	bool operator<(const Mstring &s);//小于运算符重载
	
	bool operator<=(const Mstring &s);//小于等于运算符重载
	
private:
	char* _str;
	int _len;

	friend Mstring operator+(char* str, Mstring& src);
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Mstring& str);
};

#endif

String.cpp

#include"String.h"
#include<iostream>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
	
Mstring::Mstring(const char* str = NULL)
{
	if (NULL == str)
	{
		_len = 0;
		_str = NULL;
	}
	else
	{
		_len = strlen(str);
		_str = new char[_len + 1];
		strcpy_s(_str, _len + 1, str);
	}	
}

Mstring::Mstring(const Mstring& src)
{
	if (NULL == src._str)
	{
		_len = 0;
		_str = NULL;
	}
	else
	{
		_len = src._len;
		_str = new char[_len + 1];
		strcpy_s(_str, _len + 1, src._str);
	}
}

Mstring::Mstring& operator=(const Mstring &src)
{
	if (this == &src)
	{
		return *this;
	}

	if (NULL != _str)
	{
		delete[]_str;
	}

	if (NULL == src._str)
	{
		_len = 0;
		_str = NULL;
	}
	else
	{
		_len = src._len;
		_str = new char[_len + 1];
		strcpy_s(_str, _len + 1, src._str);
	}
	return *this;
}

Mstring::void show()
	{
		for (int i = 0; i < _len; i++)
		{
			cout << _str[i];
		}
		cout << endl;
	}

Mstring::char& operator[](const int sit)
{
	if (sit >= _len)
	{
		throw "memory over flow";
	}

	return _str[sit];
}

Mstring::char& operator*()
{
	if (NULL == _str)
	{
		throw "str is empty";
	}

	return *_str;
}

Mstring::Mstring operator+(const Mstring &src)
{
	char* buff = new char[_len + src._len + 1];
	strcpy_s(buff, _len + 1, _str);
	strcpy_s(buff + _len, src._len + 1, src._str);
		
	Mstring tmp(buff);
	delete []buff;
	return tmp;
}

Mstring::Mstring operator+(char *str)/* this  ,  str */
{
	char* buff = new char[_len + strlen(str) + 1];
	strcpy_s(buff, _len + 1, _str);
	strcpy_s(buff + _len, strlen(str) + 1, str);

	Mstring tmp(buff);

	delete[]buff;

	return tmp;
}

Mstring::ostream& operator<<(/*this*/ostream& out)//cout << str3 << endl;
{
	out << _str;
	return out;
}

Mstring::istream& operator>>(istream& in)
{
	int i = 0;
	int len = 10;
	char *buff = new char[len];
	char c = '0';
	while (1)
	{
		if (i == len-1)
		{
			char *tmp = new char[len * 2];
			memcpy_s(tmp, len, buff,len);
			delete[]buff;
			len *= 2;
			buff = tmp;
		}

		c = getchar();
		if ('\n' == c)
		{
			buff[i] = 0;
			break;
		}
		buff[i] = c;
		i++;
	}

	_str[i] = 0;

	*this = buff;
	
	delete[]buff;

	return in;
}

Mstring::~Mstring()
{
	if (NULL != _str)
	{
		delete[]_str;
	}
}

Mstring::bool operator==(const Mstring&s)
{
	const char * p1 = _str;
	const char * p2 = s._str;

	while(*p1!=NULL && *p2 != NULL)
	{
		if(*p1 != *p2)
		{
			return false;
		}
		else
		{
			p1 ++;
			p2 ++;
		}
	}
	if(*p1 == '\0' && *p2 == '\0')
	{
		return true;
	}
	else
	{
		return false;
	}
}

Mstring::bool operator>(const Mstring&s)
{
	char * p1 = _str;
	char * p2 = s._str;

	while(*p1 !=NULL && *p2 != NULL)
	{
		if(*p1 > *p2)
		{
				return true;
		}
		else if(*p1 < *p2)
		{
			return false;
		}
		else
		{
			p1++;
			p2++;
		}
	}
	if(p1 != '\0' && p2 != '\0')
	{
		return true;
	}
	else
	{
		return false;
	}
}

Mstring::bool operator>=(const Mstring &s)
{
	return (*this > s || *this == s);
}

Mstring::bool operator<(const Mstring &s)
{
	return !(*this >= s);
}

Mstring::bool operator<=(const Mstring &s)
{
	return !(*this > s);
}


Mstring operator+(char* str, Mstring& src)
{
	char* buff = new char[strlen(str) + src._len + 1];
	strcpy_s(buff, strlen(str) + 1, str);
	strcpy_s(buff + strlen(str), src._len + 1, src._str);

	Mstring tmp = buff;
	delete[]buff;

	return tmp;
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out,const Mstring& str)//cout << str3 << endl;
{
	out << str._str;

	return out;
}

istream& operator>>(istream& in, Mstring &str)
{
	int i = 0;
	int len = 10;
	char *buff = new char[len];
	char c = '0';
	while (1)
	{
		if (i == len - 1)
		{
			char *tmp = new char[len * 2];
			memcpy_s(tmp, len, buff, len);
			delete[]buff;
			len *= 2;
			buff = tmp;
		}

		c = getchar();
		if ('\n' == c)
		{
			buff[i] = 0;
			break;
		}
		buff[i] = c;
		i++;
	}

	str = buff;

	delete[]buff;

	return in;
}

main.cpp

#include<iostream>
#include"String.h"
#include"String.cpp"

int main()
{
	Mstring str1("asd");
	cout << "str1 = " ; 
	str1.show();cout << "\n" ; 
	

	Mstring str2("agd");
	cout << "str2 = " ;
	str2.show();cout << "\n" ;
	

	//Mstring str3;
	//str3 = str1;
	//str3.show();

	/*if(str1 == str2)
	{
		cout << "str1 == str2" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "str1 != str2" << endl;
	}
	*/
	if(str1 > str2)
	{
		cout << "str1 > str2" << endl;
	}
	else
	{
		cout << "str1 < str2" << endl;
	}
	//str1[3];
    /*
	str1[2] = 'a';
	str1.show();

	*str1 = 'k';

	str1.show();


	str3 = str1 + str2;

	str3.show();

	str3 = str1 + "aaaaa";
	str3 = str3.operator+("bbbb");
	str3.show();

	str3 = "qqqqq" + str3;
	str3.show();
	cout << "sss" << endl;


	cout << str3 << endl;
	str3.operator<<(cout) << endl;


	//str3.operator>>(cin);
	//cout << str3 << endl;
	//str3.show();

	cin >> str3;
	cout << str3 << endl;


	//A+B

	//ostream out(cout);
	//out << "aaa" << endl;

	
	char arr[10] = {0};
	cin >> arr;
	
	int num;
	while (1)
	{
		cin >> num;

		//cout << "aaaaaaaaaaaa" << endl;
		switch (num)
		{
		case 1:
			cout << 1 << endl;
			break;
		case 2:
			cout << 2 << endl;
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
	}
	*/
	

	return 0;
}