Python面向对象小结

"Talk is cheap,so I'll give you code"，但还是得废话一句，Python真是一种美妙的语言，但凡事有利有弊，毕竟有一句话“动态编译一时爽，代码重构火葬场”。

仔细看注释，讲解都在注释中

先定义两个类

class Person(object): #继承自object类
    count = 0;#静态变量
    @classmethod
    def printCount(cls):
        print cls.count
    
    def __init__(self, name,  birth):#相当于构造方法
        self._name = name#单下划线开头表示保护属性 类似java里的protected
        self._birth = birth
    
    def printMessage(self):
        print 'name:',self._name,'birthday:', self._birth

class Person2(object): #继承自object类
    def __init__(self, name):#相当于构造方法
        self._name = name#单下划线开头表示保护属性 类似java里的protected
    
    def printMessage(self):
        print 'name:',self._name
    def printId(self):
        print 'I am person2'
'''
p1 = Person('程旭远', '199X-XX-XX')
p1.printMessage()
p2 = Person2('Lincon');
p2.printId()
'''

再定义一个继承自Person的类

class Student(Person):
    def __init__(self, name, birth, score):
        #super(Student, self).__init__(name, birth) 也可这么写
        Person.__init__(self, name, birth)
        self.__score = score;
    def printMessage(self):#方法重写
        print 'name:',self._name,'birthday:', self._birth, 'score:', self.__score

s1 = Student('程旭远', '199X-XX-XX' , '99.6')
s1.printMessage()
#静态变量与方法也参与继承
print s1.count
Student.count += 1
Student.printCount()

运行结果：
name: 程旭远 birthday: 199X-XX-XX score: 99.6
0

1

多继承

class Teacher(Person, Person2):
    def __init__(self, name,birth, age):
        Person.__init__(self, name, birth)
        Person2.__init__(self, name)
        self.__age = age
    def printTeacherMessage(self):
        print 'age:', self.__age
    
teacher = Teacher('liu', '19XX-XX-XX', 44)
teacher.printMessage()#在第一个父类里找到 就不往下找
teacher.printId()#只存在于第二个父类
teacher.printTeacherMessage()#自身存在该方法

运行结果：

name: liu birthday: 19XX-XX-XX
I am person2
age: 44