[python] list元素按关键字相加减

python list中的元素按关键字相加或相减：

# coding=utf-8

# 两个list按关键字相加或相减
def ListAdd(list1, list2, bAdd = True):
	if bAdd == False:
		list2 = [(k, -v) for (k, v) in list2]
	d = {}
	list0 = list1 + list2
	for (k, v) in list0:
		d.setdefault(k, 0)		# 设置字典元素初始值
		d[k] += v				# 对字典中的元素按关键字相加
	ret = list(d.items())		# 字典转换成list
	ret = sorted(ret)			# 对list排序
	return ret

if __name__ == '__main__':
	a = [("s1", 10), ("s2", 13), ("s3", 25), ("s7", 30)]
	b = [("s1", 22), ("s3", 16), ("s10", 8)]
	print("a=", a)
	print("b=", b)
	ret1 = ListAdd(a, b)		# ret1 = a + b
	print("ret1=", ret1)
	ret2 = ListAdd(a, b, False)	# ret2 = a - b
	print("ret2=", ret2)

运行：

E:\Program\Python>del.py
a= [('s1', 10), ('s2', 13), ('s3', 25), ('s7', 30)]
b= [('s1', 22), ('s3', 16), ('s10', 8)]
ret1= [('s1', 32), ('s10', 8), ('s2', 13), ('s3', 41), ('s7', 30)]
ret2= [('s1', -12), ('s10', -8), ('s2', 13), ('s3', 9), ('s7', 30)]