监控文件(夹)的改变

监控文件(夹)是开发中比较常用的功能.

Windows API函数FindFirstChangeNotification、FindCloseChangeNotification、

FindNextChangeNotification可以实现监控文件夹的改变，

但是不能具体指出改变的是哪个文件,自己写程序比较文件？有点舍本逐末了。个人觉得这些函数有些鸡肋。

 

还好ReadDirectoryChangesW能满足这种需求。其声明如下:

BOOL ReadDirectoryChangesW(
  HANDLE hDirectory,
  LPVOID lpBuffer,
  DWORD nBufferLength,
  BOOL bWatchSubtree,
  DWORD dwNotifyFilter,
  LPDWORD lpBytesReturned,
  LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped,
  LPOVERLAPPED_COMPLETION_ROUTINE lpCompletionRoutine
);

 

其执行方式有同步和异步之分,异步性能较好,但涉及到重叠I/O,稍显复杂,因此下面的封装代码中采用的同步方式,在一个独立的线程中专门检测文件的改变.lpBuffer参数则存放发生事件的文件的列表.代码如下:

 

 #ifndef _FILE_MONITOR_H_ #define _FILE_MONITOR_H_ class CFileSystemMonitor { public: enum tagACTION { Added = 1, Removed = 2, Modified = 3, Renamed = 4 }; typedef void ( *lpFunDealFile )( tagACTION action, LPCTSTR lpszFileSrc, LPCTSTR lpszFileDst ); public: CFileSystemMonitor() { m_strDir = _T(""); m_bContinue = FALSE; m_hThread = NULL; } ~CFileSystemMonitor() {} void SetDealFilePtr( lpFunDealFile pFunDeal ) { ASSERT( pFunDeal != NULL ); m_pFunDeal = pFunDeal; } BOOL StartMonitor( LPCTSTR lpszDir ) { ASSERT( m_hThread == NULL ); m_strDir = lpszDir; m_bContinue = TRUE; m_hThread = ::CreateThread( NULL, 0, MonitorProc, this, 0, NULL ); return ( NULL == m_hThread )?FALSE:TRUE; } void EndMonitor() { ASSERT( m_hThread != NULL ); m_bContinue = FALSE; DWORD dwRet = ::WaitForSingleObject( m_hThread, 1000 ); if( WAIT_TIMEOUT == dwRet ) { ASSERT( m_hThread != NULL ); ::TerminateThread( m_hThread, -1 ); } m_hThread = NULL; } BOOL IsMoniting() { return m_bContinue; } private: CString m_strDir; volatile BOOL m_bContinue; HANDLE m_hThread; lpFunDealFile m_pFunDeal; static DWORD WINAPI MonitorProc ( LPVOID lParam ) { CFileSystemMonitor* pThis = ( CFileSystemMonitor* )lParam; ASSERT( pThis != NULL ); HANDLE hDir = ::CreateFile( pThis->m_strDir, GENERIC_READ|GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ|FILE_SHARE_WRITE|FILE_SHARE_DELETE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, NULL ); if( INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE == hDir ) return FALSE; char szBuf[ 2 * ( sizeof ( FILE_NOTIFY_INFORMATION ) + MAX_PATH ) ]; FILE_NOTIFY_INFORMATION* pNotify = ( FILE_NOTIFY_INFORMATION * )szBuf; DWORD dwBytesReturned( 0 ); while( pThis->m_bContinue ) { if( !::ReadDirectoryChangesW( hDir, pNotify, sizeof( szBuf ), TRUE, FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_FILE_NAME|FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_DIR_NAME| FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_ATTRIBUTES| FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_SIZE|FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_LAST_WRITE| FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_LAST_ACCESS|FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_CREATION|FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_SECURITY, &dwBytesReturned, NULL, NULL ) ) { break; } else { WCHAR *pszFileDst = NULL; WCHAR *pszFileSrc = pNotify->FileName; pszFileSrc[ pNotify->FileNameLength/2 ] = L'/0'; if( 0 != pNotify->NextEntryOffset ) { PFILE_NOTIFY_INFORMATION pNext = (PFILE_NOTIFY_INFORMATION)( ( char* )pNotify + pNotify->NextEntryOffset); pszFileDst = pNext->FileName; pszFileDst[ pNext->FileNameLength/2 ] = L'/0'; } if( NULL != pThis->m_pFunDeal ) pThis->m_pFunDeal( (tagACTION)pNotify->Action, CW2T(pszFileSrc) , CW2T(pszFileDst) ); } } return 0; } private: CFileSystemMonitor( const CFileSystemMonitor& ); CFileSystemMonitor operator=( const CFileSystemMonitor ); }; #endif