MySQL数据库学习

建表

学生表

create table Student(S# varchar(10),Sname nvarchar(10),Sage datetime,Ssex nvarchar(10))DEFAULT charset = utf8;
insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男')
insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男')
insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-05-20' , '男')
insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-08-06' , '男')
insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女')
insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-03-01' , '女')
insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-07-01' , '女')
insert into Student values('08' , '王菊' , '1990-01-20' , '女')

课程表

create table Course(C_id varchar(10),Cname varchar(10),T_id varchar(10))DEFAULT charset = utf8;
insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');
insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');
insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');

教师表

create table Teacher(T_id varchar(10),Tname varchar(10))default charset = utf8;
insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');
insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');
insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');

成绩表

create table SC(S_id varchar(10),C_id varchar(10),score decimal(18,1));
insert into SC values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into SC values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into SC values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into SC values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into SC values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into SC values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into SC values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into SC values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into SC values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into SC values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into SC values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into SC values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into SC values('07' , '03' , 98);
 

许多缺点希望大家积极指出，以便改进

练习题

1. 查询" 01 "课程比" 02 "课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数（写的有些冗余，欢迎指出缺点便于改进）

SELECT C.*,D.01课程分数,D.02课程分数 FROM
(SELECT A.S_id, A.score AS 01课程分数, B.score AS 02课程分数 from 
(SELECT * from sc WHERE C_id="01")A LEFT JOIN(SELECT * from sc WHERE C_id="02")B
ON A.S_id=B.S_id
WHERE A.score>B.score)D
LEFT JOIN student C ON C.S_id=D.S_id

2. 查询平均成绩大于等于 60 分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩

SELECT a.S_id as '学生编号', b.Sname as '学生姓名', a.avgs as '平均成绩' FROM
(SELECT S_id, AVG(Score)avgs FROM sc GROUP BY S_id)a
LEFT JOIN student b ON a.S_id = b.S_id WHERE a.avgs >= 60

3. 查询在 SC 表存在成绩的学生信息

SELECT a.* FROM student a RIGHT JOIN (SELECT distinct S_id from sc)b ON a.S_id = b.S_id

SELECT * from student where S_id in (select DISTINCT S_id from sc)

4. 查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩(没成绩的显示为 null ) （一个左连接一个右连接）

SELECT a.S_id AS '学号', b.Sname as '学生姓名', a.选课数, a.总成绩 FROM
(select S_id, COUNT(C_id)选课数, SUM(score)总成绩 FROM sc GROUP BY S_id) a 
right join student b on a.S_id = b.S_id

4.1 查有成绩的学生信息

SELECT a.S_id AS '学号', b.Sname as '学生姓名', a.选课数, a.总成绩 FROM
(select S_id, COUNT(C_id)选课数, SUM(score)总成绩 FROM sc GROUP BY S_id) a 
left join student b on a.S_id = b.S_id

5. 查询「李」姓老师的数量 

SELECT COUNT(Tname)李姓老师数量 from teacher where Tname like '李%'

6. 查询学过「张三」老师授课的同学的信息 

SELECT * from student
WHERE S_id in (SELECT DISTINCT S_id FROM sc 
WHERE C_id = (SELECT C_id from course 
WHERE T_id =  (SELECT T_id from teacher where Tname = '张三')))

7. 查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息 

SELECT * FROM student 
WHERE S_id in (SELECT S_id FROM sc GROUP BY S_id HAVING count(C_id)<3)

8. 查询至少有一门课与学号为" 01 "的同学所学相同的同学的信息 

select * from student 
WHERE S_id in (SELECT distinct S_id from sc 
WHERE C_id in (SELECT C_id from sc WHERE S_id = '01'))

9. 查询和" 01 "号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的信息 

 

10. 查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名 

SELECT Sname from student 
WHERE S_id not in (SELECT DISTINCT S_id from sc 
WHERE C_id =(SELECT C_id from course
WHERE T_id = (SELECT T_id from teacher WHERE Tname = '张三')))

11. 查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号，姓名及其平均成绩 

SELECT A.S_id, A.Sname, B.平均成绩 from student A RIGHT JOIN
(SELECT S_id,AVG(score)平均成绩 from sc 
where score<60 GROUP BY S_id HAVING count(score)>=2)B
on A.S_id = B.S_id

12. 检索" 01 "课程分数小于 60，按分数降序排列的学生信息

SELECT * from student 
WHERE S_id in (SELECT DISTINCT S_id FROM sc 
WHERE C_id = '01' AND score < 60 ORDER BY score DESC)

13. 按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的总成绩（所有课程的成绩）以及平均成绩

SELECT S_id, AVG(score)平均成绩, SUM(score)总成绩 FROM sc 
GROUP BY S_id ORDER BY AVG(score) DESC

select S_id,max(case C_id when '01' then score else 0 end)'01',
max(case C_id when '02' then score else 0 end)'02',
MAX(case C_id when '03' then score else 0 end)'03',AVG(score)平均分 from SC
group by S_id order by 平均分 desc

 

14. 查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分：

    以如下形式显示：课程 ID，课程 name，最高分，最低分，平均分，及格率，中等率，优良率，优秀率
    及格为>=60，中等为：70-80，优良为：80-90，优秀为：>=90
    要求输出课程号和选修人数，查询结果按人数降序排列，若人数相同，按课程号升序排列

15. 按各科成绩进行排序，并显示排名， Score 重复时保留名次空缺

SELECT *, (SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT score) from sc as b where a.score<b.score)+1 as rank
from sc as a order BY rank

15.1 按各科成绩进行排序，并显示排名， Score 重复时合并名次

SELECT *, (SELECT COUNT(score) from sc as b where a.score<b.score)+1 as rank
from sc as a order BY rank

16.  查询学生的总成绩，并进行排名，总分重复时保留名次空缺

16.1 查询学生的总成绩，并进行排名，总分重复时不保留名次空缺

17. 统计各科成绩各分数段人数：课程编号，课程名称，[100-85]，[85-70]，[70-60]，[60-0] 及所占百分比

18. 查询各科成绩前三名的记录

 

19. 查询每门课程被选修的学生数 

SELECT C_id, COUNT(S_id)学生数 FROM sc GROUP BY C_id

20. 查询出只选修两门课程的学生学号和姓名 

SELECT S_id as 学号, Sname as 姓名 from student where S_id in
(SELECT S_id from sc GROUP BY S_id HAVING count(C_id) = 2)

21. 查询男生、女生人数

SELECT DISTINCT Ssex as 性别, COUNT(Ssex) as 人数 from student GROUP BY Ssex

22. 查询名字中含有「风」字的学生信息

SELECT * from student where Sname LIKE '%风%'

23. 查询同名同性学生名单，并统计同名人数

 

24. 查询 1990 年出生的学生名单

SELECT Sname from student where Sage LIKE '1990%'

SELECT Sname from student where YEAR(Sage)=1990

25. 查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩降序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程编号升序排列

SELECT C_id, AVG(score)平均成绩 from sc GROUP BY C_id ORDER BY AVG(score) DESC,C_id

26. 查询平均成绩大于等于 85 的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩 

SELECT b.S_id, a.Sname, b.平均成绩 from student a RIGHT JOIN 
(SELECT S_id, AVG(score)平均成绩 from sc GROUP BY S_id HAVING AVG(score)>=85)b
on a.S_id=b.S_id

27. 查询课程名称为「数学」，且分数低于 60 的学生姓名和分数 

SELECT a.Sname, b.分数 from student a RIGHT JOIN
(SELECT S_id, score as 分数 from sc 
where C_id=(SELECT C_id FROM course WHERE Cname='数学') and score<60)b
ON a.S_id = b.S_id

select B.Sname,A.score from(select * from SC 
where score<60 and C_id=(select C_id from Course where Cname='数学'))A
left join Student B on A.S_id=B.S_id

28. 查询所有学生的课程及分数情况（存在学生没成绩，没选课的情况）

29. 查询任何一门课程成绩在 70 分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数

SELECT a.Sname, d.Cname, d.score FROM
(SELECT b.*, C.Cname FROM (SELECT * from sc 
WHERE score>70)b LEFT JOIN course c ON b.C_id=c.C_id)d
LEFT JOIN student a ON d.S_id=a.S_id

30. 查询不及格的课程

SELECT * FROM sc WHERE score<60

31. 查询课程编号为 01 且课程成绩在 80 分及以上的学生的学号和姓名

SELECT a.S_id, b.Sname from 
(SELECT S_id from sc WHERE C_id=01 AND score>=80)a 
LEFT JOIN student b ON a.S_id=b.S_id

32. 求每门课程的学生人数 

SELECT C_id, COUNT(S_id) FROM sc GROUP BY C_id

33. 成绩不重复，查询选修「张三」老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩

34. 成绩有重复的情况下，查询选修「张三」老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩

35. 查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩 

36. 查询每门功成绩最好的前两名

37. 统计每门课程的学生选修人数（超过 5 人的课程才统计）。

38. 检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号 

39. 查询选修了全部课程的学生信息

40. 查询各学生的年龄，只按年份来算 

SELECT S_id, (year(now())-year(Sage)-1)+(DATE_FORMAT(Sage, '%m%d')<=
DATE_FORMAT(NOW(), '%m%d') ) as age FROM student

41. 按照出生日期来算，当前月日 < 出生年月的月日则，年龄减一

42. 查询本周过生日的学生

SELECT * from student where WEEK(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%y%m%d'))=WEEK(Sage)

43. 查询下周过生日的学生

SELECT * from student where WEEK(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%y%m%d'))+1=WEEK(Sage)

44. 查询本月过生日的学生

SELECT * from student where MONTH(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%y%m%d'))=MONTH(Sage)

45. 查询下月过生日的学生

SELECT * from student where MONTH(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%y%m%d'))+1=MONTH(Sage)