关于rsa加密有私钥、公钥
私钥：对外不公开，供自己签名对外输出，对传入的数据进行解密。
公钥：对外公开，供外部人员对数据进行加密传出，然后对传入数据进行验签。
rsa对数据加密有长度限制，若长度可控的情况下，建议转换byte[]进行分段加密传输，
若对于大文件的传输：
建议一：
使用des、aes进行加密大文件，将des/aes的密钥使用rsa加密，使用(https/http)传输，这样既能保证数据安全性也能提高性能。
建议二：
双向签名验签，将大文件进行签名，将签名和文件base64之后使用https一同传输。
建议二中的方式数据安全性则有https负责进行保护，数据的完整性则有签名进行保护，防止数据篡改，
二中方法自己可以针对每个用户都分配一个私钥供用户进行签名，自己这端需要存储每个用户的公钥进行验签，这样保证多个用户情况之下数据安全性。
测试数据：
1 var xmlprikey =""; 2 var xmlpubkey =""; 3 rsa = new RSACryption(); 4 //待处理字符串 5 var str="hello成功啊啊！￥%……&*（!@#$%^&*()@#$%^&*()_}::{>>?}{>?{?"; 6 var strlen= str.Length; 7 rsa.RSAKey(out xmlprikey, out xmlpubkey); 8 //加密 9 var rsaencrypt= rsa.RSAEncrypt(xmlpubkey, str); 10 //解密 11 var rsadecrypt = rsa.RSADecrypt(xmlprikey, rsaencrypt); 12 //获取hash描述 13 var gethash=""; 14 //获取hash值是否成功 15 var hashbool= rsa.GetHash(str, ref gethash); 16 //签名之后的数据 17 var strEncryptedSignatureData =""; 18 //rsa签名 19 rsa.SignatureFormatter(xmlprikey,gethash, ref strEncryptedSignatureData); 20 //rsa验签 21 var SignatureDeformatter =rsa.SignatureDeformatter(xmlpubkey, gethash, strEncryptedSignatureData); 22 //加密之后数据 23 var strEnc="gVVqccxkEIQxMfkXxAmHup9/c0ZMhQzqLJpdrLwysaIaE+o/GFtINp6Q7o1eI4HOIxfdU7/9VEKdPEXakspooXVcH4GZkgWFRhe5VkM7Wj71RiUiEHa+o/H78Fn4q7B0JaiJjiUwfTIr0GHP5nMkPvYDiBZVfzuBARJCcjkrXVM="; 24 var strEncLen= strEnc.Length;
rsa类库：
class RSACryption { #region RSA 加密解密 #region RSA 的密钥产生 /// <summary> /// RSA产生密钥 /// </summary> /// <param name="xmlKeys">私钥</param> /// <param name="xmlPublicKey">公钥</param> public void RSAKey(out string xmlKeys, out string xmlPublicKey) { try { System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); xmlKeys = rsa.ToXmlString(true); xmlPublicKey = rsa.ToXmlString(false); } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } #endregion #region RSA加密函数 //############################################################################## //RSA 方式加密 //KEY必须是XML的形式,返回的是字符串 //该加密方式有长度限制的！ //############################################################################## /// <summary> /// RSA的加密函数 /// </summary> /// <param name="xmlPublicKey">公钥</param> /// <param name="encryptString">待加密的字符串</param> /// <returns></returns> public string RSAEncrypt(string xmlPublicKey, string encryptString) { try { byte[] PlainTextBArray; byte[] CypherTextBArray; string Result; System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); rsa.FromXmlString(xmlPublicKey); PlainTextBArray = (new UnicodeEncoding()).GetBytes(encryptString); CypherTextBArray = rsa.Encrypt(PlainTextBArray, false); Result = Convert.ToBase64String(CypherTextBArray); return Result; } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } /// <summary> /// RSA的加密函数 /// </summary> /// <param name="xmlPublicKey">公钥</param> /// <param name="EncryptString">待加密的字节数组</param> /// <returns></returns> public string RSAEncrypt(string xmlPublicKey, byte[] EncryptString) { try { byte[] CypherTextBArray; string Result; System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); rsa.FromXmlString(xmlPublicKey); CypherTextBArray = rsa.Encrypt(EncryptString, false); Result = Convert.ToBase64String(CypherTextBArray); return Result; } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } #endregion #region RSA的解密函数 /// <summary> /// RSA的解密函数 /// </summary> /// <param name="xmlPrivateKey">私钥</param> /// <param name="decryptString">待解密的字符串</param> /// <returns></returns> public string RSADecrypt(string xmlPrivateKey, string decryptString) { try { byte[] PlainTextBArray; byte[] DypherTextBArray; string Result; System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); rsa.FromXmlString(xmlPrivateKey); PlainTextBArray = Convert.FromBase64String(decryptString); DypherTextBArray = rsa.Decrypt(PlainTextBArray, false); Result = (new UnicodeEncoding()).GetString(DypherTextBArray); return Result; } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } /// <summary> /// RSA的解密函数 /// </summary> /// <param name="xmlPrivateKey">私钥</param> /// <param name="DecryptString">待解密的字节数组</param> /// <returns></returns> public string RSADecrypt(string xmlPrivateKey, byte[] DecryptString) { try { byte[] DypherTextBArray; string Result; System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); rsa.FromXmlString(xmlPrivateKey); DypherTextBArray = rsa.Decrypt(DecryptString, false); Result = (new UnicodeEncoding()).GetString(DypherTextBArray); return Result; } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } #endregion #endregion #region RSA数字签名 #region 获取Hash描述表 /// <summary> /// 获取Hash描述表 /// </summary> /// <param name="strSource">待签名的字符串</param> /// <param name="HashData">Hash描述</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool GetHash(string strSource, ref byte[] HashData) { try { byte[] Buffer; System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm sha = System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm.Create("SHA1"); Buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(strSource); HashData = sha.ComputeHash(Buffer); return true; } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } /// <summary> /// 获取Hash描述表 /// </summary> /// <param name="strSource">待签名的字符串</param> /// <param name="strHashData">Hash描述</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool GetHash(string strSource, ref string strHashData) { try { //从字符串中取得Hash描述 byte[] Buffer; byte[] HashData; System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm sha = System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm.Create("SHA1"); Buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(strSource); HashData = sha.ComputeHash(Buffer); strHashData = Convert.ToBase64String(HashData); return true; } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } /// <summary> /// 获取Hash描述表 /// </summary> /// <param name="objFile">待签名的文件</param> /// <param name="HashData">Hash描述</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool GetHash(System.IO.FileStream objFile, ref byte[] HashData) { try { //从文件中取得Hash描述 System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm sha = System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm.Create("SHA1"); HashData = sha.ComputeHash(objFile); objFile.Close(); return true; } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } /// <summary> /// 获取Hash描述表 /// </summary> /// <param name="objFile">待签名的文件</param> /// <param name="strHashData">Hash描述</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool GetHash(System.IO.FileStream objFile, ref string strHashData) { try { //从文件中取得Hash描述 byte[] HashData; System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm sha = System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm.Create("SHA1"); HashData = sha.ComputeHash(objFile); objFile.Close(); strHashData = Convert.ToBase64String(HashData); return true; } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } #endregion #region RSA签名 /// <summary> /// RSA签名 /// </summary> /// <param name="strKeyPrivate">私钥</param> /// <param name="HashbyteSignature">待签名Hash描述</param> /// <param name="EncryptedSignatureData">签名后的结果</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool SignatureFormatter(string strKeyPrivate, byte[] HashbyteSignature, ref byte[] EncryptedSignatureData) { try { System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider(); RSA.FromXmlString(strKeyPrivate); System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter RSAFormatter = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter(RSA); //设置签名的算法为MD5 RSAFormatter.SetHashAlgorithm("SHA1"); //执行签名 EncryptedSignatureData = RSAFormatter.CreateSignature(HashbyteSignature); return true; } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } /// <summary> /// RSA签名 /// </summary> /// <param name="strKeyPrivate">私钥</param> /// <param name="HashbyteSignature">待签名Hash描述</param> /// <param name="m_strEncryptedSignatureData">签名后的结果</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool SignatureFormatter(string strKeyPrivate, byte[] HashbyteSignature, ref string strEncryptedSignatureData) { try { byte[] EncryptedSignatureData; System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider(); RSA.FromXmlString(strKeyPrivate); System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter RSAFormatter = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter(RSA); //设置签名的算法为MD5 RSAFormatter.SetHashAlgorithm("SHA1"); //执行签名 EncryptedSignatureData = RSAFormatter.CreateSignature(HashbyteSignature); strEncryptedSignatureData = Convert.ToBase64String(EncryptedSignatureData); return true; } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } /// <summary> /// RSA签名 /// </summary> /// <param name="strKeyPrivate">私钥</param> /// <param name="strHashbyteSignature">待签名Hash描述</param> /// <param name="EncryptedSignatureData">签名后的结果</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool SignatureFormatter(string strKeyPrivate, string strHashbyteSignature, ref byte[] EncryptedSignatureData) { try { byte[] HashbyteSignature; HashbyteSignature = Convert.FromBase64String(strHashbyteSignature); System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider(); RSA.FromXmlString(strKeyPrivate); System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter RSAFormatter = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter(RSA); //设置签名的算法为MD5 RSAFormatter.SetHashAlgorithm("SHA1"); //执行签名 EncryptedSignatureData = RSAFormatter.CreateSignature(HashbyteSignature); return true; } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } /// <summary> /// RSA签名 /// </summary> /// <param name="strKeyPrivate">私钥</param> /// <param name="strHashbyteSignature">待签名Hash描述</param> /// <param name="strEncryptedSignatureData">签名后的结果</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool SignatureFormatter(string strKeyPrivate, string strHashbyteSignature, ref string strEncryptedSignatureData) { try { byte[] HashbyteSignature; byte[] EncryptedSignatureData; HashbyteSignature = Convert.FromBase64String(strHashbyteSignature); System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider(); RSA.FromXmlString(strKeyPrivate); System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter RSAFormatter = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter(RSA); //设置签名的算法为MD5 RSAFormatter.SetHashAlgorithm("SHA1"); //执行签名 EncryptedSignatureData = RSAFormatter.CreateSignature(HashbyteSignature); strEncryptedSignatureData = Convert.ToBase64String(EncryptedSignatureData); return true; } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } #endregion #region RSA 签名验证 /// <summary> /// RSA签名验证 /// </summary> /// <param name="strKeyPublic">公钥</param> /// <param name="HashbyteDeformatter">Hash描述</param> /// <param name="DeformatterData">签名后的结果</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool SignatureDeformatter(string strKeyPublic, byte[] HashbyteDeformatter, byte[] DeformatterData) { try { System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider(); RSA.FromXmlString(strKeyPublic); System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureDeformatter RSADeformatter = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureDeformatter(RSA); //指定解密的时候HASH算法为SHA1 RSADeformatter.SetHashAlgorithm("SHA1"); if (RSADeformatter.VerifySignature(HashbyteDeformatter, DeformatterData)) { return true; } else { return false; } } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } /// <summary> /// RSA签名验证 /// </summary> /// <param name="strKeyPublic">公钥</param> /// <param name="strHashbyteDeformatter">Hash描述</param> /// <param name="DeformatterData">签名后的结果</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool SignatureDeformatter(string strKeyPublic, string strHashbyteDeformatter, byte[] DeformatterData) { try { byte[] HashbyteDeformatter; HashbyteDeformatter = Convert.FromBase64String(strHashbyteDeformatter); System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider(); RSA.FromXmlString(strKeyPublic); System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureDeformatter RSADeformatter = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureDeformatter(RSA); //指定解密的时候HASH算法为SHA1 RSADeformatter.SetHashAlgorithm("SHA1"); if (RSADeformatter.VerifySignature(HashbyteDeformatter, DeformatterData)) { return true; } else { return false; } } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } /// <summary> /// RSA签名验证 /// </summary> /// <param name="strKeyPublic">公钥</param> /// <param name="HashbyteDeformatter">Hash描述</param> /// <param name="strDeformatterData">签名后的结果</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool SignatureDeformatter(string strKeyPublic, byte[] HashbyteDeformatter, string strDeformatterData) { try { byte[] DeformatterData; System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider(); RSA.FromXmlString(strKeyPublic); System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureDeformatter RSADeformatter = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureDeformatter(RSA); //指定解密的时候HASH算法为SHA1 RSADeformatter.SetHashAlgorithm("SHA1"); DeformatterData = Convert.FromBase64String(strDeformatterData); if (RSADeformatter.VerifySignature(HashbyteDeformatter, DeformatterData)) { return true; } else { return false; } } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } /// <summary> /// RSA签名验证 /// </summary> /// <param name="strKeyPublic">公钥</param> /// <param name="strHashbyteDeformatter">Hash描述</param> /// <param name="strDeformatterData">签名后的结果</param> /// <returns></returns> public bool SignatureDeformatter(string strKeyPublic, string strHashbyteDeformatter, string strDeformatterData) { try { byte[] DeformatterData; byte[] HashbyteDeformatter; HashbyteDeformatter = Convert.FromBase64String(strHashbyteDeformatter); System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider(); RSA.FromXmlString(strKeyPublic); System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureDeformatter RSADeformatter = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureDeformatter(RSA); //指定解密的时候HASH算法为SHA1 RSADeformatter.SetHashAlgorithm("SHA1"); DeformatterData = Convert.FromBase64String(strDeformatterData); if (RSADeformatter.VerifySignature(HashbyteDeformatter, DeformatterData)) { return true; } else { return false; } } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } #endregion #endregion }
原创地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/sydeveloper/archive/2012/08/11/2633624.html
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