Docker——私有仓库、数据卷、端口映射、容器互联

私有仓库简易版registry建立

仓库镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull registry
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/registry
ddad3d7c1e96: Pull complete 
6eda6749503f: Pull complete 
363ab70c2143: Pull complete 
5b94580856e6: Pull complete 
12008541203a: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:bac2d7050dc4826516650267fe7dc6627e9e11ad653daca0641437abdf18df27
Status: Downloaded newer image for registry:latest
docker.io/library/registry:latest

查看下载的镜像

指定私有仓库的位置

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json 

{
  "insecure-registries": ["192.168.80.10:5000"],
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://i657xnlq.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}

创建私有仓库容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker create -it registry /bin/bash
6c38f03cf0ee7854d77e48fd66d22e4aae90ab934984523ecdd52f95eba19742
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE        COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                     NAMES
6c38f03cf0ee   registry     "/entrypoint.sh /bin…"   4 seconds ago    Created                                                   gracious_jemison

启动registry容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /data/registry:/tmp/registry registry
6cbbade6496071273c715b70e35be1026db6dd8eab88ff3e8ccf0a6ee8766679

• -d 守护进程
• -p 端口 5000:5000 前者为对外提供的端口，后者为内部端口
• -v 指卷轴的挂载 ，挂在信息为 宿主机上/data/registry目录共给registry容器 的/tmp/registry 目录使用
• 构建容器的时候使用-v 挂载 外部的路径是会自动生成的。不需要先行创建

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE        COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                                       NAMES
6cbbade64960   registry     "/entrypoint.sh /etc…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp, :::5000->5000/tcp   affectionate_bhaskara
6c38f03cf0ee   registry     "/entrypoint.sh /bin…"   4 minutes ago        Created                                                         gracious_jemison

下载nginx、定义标签（必须修改）

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull nginx 
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
Digest: sha256:6d75c99af15565a301e48297fa2d121e15d80ad526f8369c526324f0f7ccb750
Status: Image is up to date for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest
[root@localhost ~]# docker tag nginx:latest 192.168.80.10:5000/nginx

192.168.80.10为私有仓库所在服务器的IP ，5000为对外提供的端口 nginx为镜像名称
上传镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker push 192.168.80.10:5000/nginx
Using default tag: latest
The push refers to repository [192.168.80.10:5000/nginx]
075508cf8f04: Pushed 
5c865c78bc96: Pushed 
134e19b2fac5: Pushed 
83634f76e732: Pushed 
766fe2c3fc08: Pushed 
02c055ef67f5: Pushed 
latest: digest: sha256:61191087790c31e43eb37caa10de1135b002f10c09fdda7fa8a5989db74033aa size: 1570

查看私有仓库信息

[root@localhost ~]# curl -XGET http://192.168.80.10:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":["nginx"]}

删除原有的nginx镜像，尝试从私有仓库中下载

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG        IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
tomcat       new        60c44f97a1b8   24 hours ago   964MB
registry     latest     1fd8e1b0bb7e   7 weeks ago    26.2MB
centos       7          8652b9f0cb4c   6 months ago   204MB
centos       7.4.1708   9f266d35e02c   2 years ago    197MB

从私有仓库中下载

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull 192.168.80.10:5000/nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from nginx
69692152171a: Pull complete 
30afc0b18f67: Pull complete 
596b1d696923: Pull complete 
febe5bd23e98: Pull complete 
8283eee92e2f: Pull complete 
351ad75a6cfa: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:61191087790c31e43eb37caa10de1135b002f10c09fdda7fa8a5989db74033aa
Status: Downloaded newer image for 192.168.80.10:5000/nginx:latest
192.168.80.10:5000/nginx:latest
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                 TAG        IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
tomcat                     new        60c44f97a1b8   24 hours ago   964MB
192.168.80.10:5000/nginx   latest     d1a364dc548d   8 days ago     133MB
registry                   latest     1fd8e1b0bb7e   7 weeks ago    26.2MB
centos                     7          8652b9f0cb4c   6 months ago   204MB
centos                     7.4.1708   9f266d35e02c   2 years ago    197MB

Dockers数据卷和数据卷容器

• 数据卷：挂载宿主系统的存储空间
• 数据卷容器：挂载容器的存储空间（也可以实现容器之间文件的共享）

数据卷创建

格式：docker run -v 宿主机挂载点 -name 容器名 -it 镜像名

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -v /var/www:/data1 --name web11 -it centos:7 /bin/bash
[root@95e5537331bc /]# ls
anaconda-post.log  data1  etc   lib    media  opt   root  sbin  sys  usr
bin                dev    home  lib64  mnt    proc  run   srv   tmp  var
[root@95e5537331bc data1]# touch test1
[root@95e5537331bc data1]# ls
test1

启动另一个终端查看是否有/var/www/test1文件

[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/www/
[root@localhost /var/www]# ls
test1

数据卷容器创建

先创建可以被挂载的容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name web100 -v /data1 -v /data2 -it centos:7 /bin/bash
[root@9fd8780c6ca2 /]# ls
anaconda-post.log  data1  dev  home  lib64  mnt  proc  run   srv  tmp  var
bin                data2  etc  lib   media  opt  root  sbin  sys  usr

另起一个终端，创建新的容器，指定挂载的web100容器
并在容器的/data1和/data2各新建一个文件

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it --volumes-from web100 --name db1 centos:7 /bin/bash
[root@8b3f8e83994f /]# cd data1
[root@8b3f8e83994f data1]# touch demo01
[root@8b3f8e83994f data1]# cd ../data2
[root@8b3f8e83994f data2]# touch demo02
[root@8b3f8e83994f data2]# 

在钱一个终端中查看

[root@9fd8780c6ca2 /]# cd data1
[root@9fd8780c6ca2 data1]# ls   
demo01
[root@9fd8780c6ca2 data1]# cd ../data2
[root@9fd8780c6ca2 data2]# ls
demo02

端口映射

-P随机生成端口号

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d -P httpd:latest 
58dffe19aad7f2a9ffa4e9f22982d21ff06c4b2c28306716fe56146d456ed676
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS                                       NAMES
58dffe19aad7   httpd:latest   "httpd-foreground"       6 seconds ago    Up 5 seconds                0.0.0.0:49153->80/tcp, :::49153->80/tcp     gallant_payne

-p指定端口号

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d -p 333:80 httpd:latest 
ad7d9969e1dc6d414c858fd34332222e4562fb92958781af828fd7114d75a4cb
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS                                       NAMES
ad7d9969e1dc   httpd:latest   "httpd-foreground"       5 seconds ago    Up 4 seconds                0.0.0.0:333->80/tcp, :::333->80/tcp         admiring_lalande

容器互联

创建并运行web1容器，端口号自动映射

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd -P --name web1 centos:7 /bin/bash
eae9a331a7366840a58312c985f5101edd34c34bb7862e39bfe640cbf6560729
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd -P --name web2 --link web1:web1 centos:7 /bin/bash
c265541f2b822431d5e8ea3bd81145451104951ef374acff4acd2fedef4bbea3
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS                                       NAMES
c265541f2b82   centos:7       "/bin/bash"              5 seconds ago    Up 5 seconds                                                            web2
eae9a331a736   centos:7       "/bin/bash"              34 seconds ago   Up 33 seconds                                                           web1

进入web2容器 ping web1

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it c265541f2b82 /bin/bash
[root@c265541f2b82 /]# ping web1
PING web1 (172.17.0.5) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from web1 (172.17.0.5): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.330 ms
64 bytes from web1 (172.17.0.5): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms
64 bytes from web1 (172.17.0.5): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.056 ms
64 bytes from web1 (172.17.0.5): icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.056 ms
64 bytes from web1 (172.17.0.5): icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.071 ms