python绘制棉棒图

用法:

matplotlib.pyplot.stem(*args, linefmt=None, markerfmt=None, basefmt=None, bottom=0, label=None, use_line_collection=True, orientation='vertical', data=None)

参数说明

参数
*args	x,y,x—棉棒的x轴基线的取值范围,y—棉棒的长度
linefmt	棉棒的样式,{‘-’,‘–’,‘:’,‘-.’},包括指定颜色等
markerfmt	棉棒末端的样式
basefmt	指定基线的样式
bottom	默认值为0,极限的y/x的位置,取决于方向
label	用于标签
use_line_collection	默认值是True,如果为True，棉棒的茎线存储并绘制为线集合,而不是单独的线,这将显著提高性能，而不是单独的线
orientation	控制方向,默认为垂直(True).
案例
参数
x,y

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

x = np.linspace(0.1, 2 * np.pi, 41)
y = np.exp(np.sin(x))

plt.stem(x, y)
plt.show()

linefmt
linefmt用来指定棉棒的颜色和样式等

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


x = np.linspace(0.1,2 * np.pi, 41)
y = np.exp(np.sin(x))

fit, axs = plt.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=2, figsize=(14,7))

axs[0,0].set_title("linefmt='-',color='green'")
axs[0,0] = axs[0,0].stem(x,y,linefmt='g-')

axs[0,1].set_title("linefmt='-.', color='blue'")
axs[0,1] = axs[0,1].stem(x,y,linefmt='b-.')

axs[1,0].set_title("linefmt=':', color='red'")
axs[1,0] = axs[1,0].stem(x,y,linefmt='r:')

axs[1,1].set_title("linefmt='--', color='p'")
axs[1,1] = axs[1,1].stem(x,y,linefmt='o--')
plt.show()

basefmt

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


x = np.linspace(0.1,2 * np.pi, 41)
y = np.exp(np.sin(x))

fit, axs = plt.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=1, figsize=(14,7))

axs[0].set_title("basefmt='-',color='C2'")
axs[0] = axs[0].stem(x,y,linefmt='b--',basefmt='C2--')

axs[1].set_title("basefmt='-.', color='C1'")
axs[1] = axs[1].stem(x,y,linefmt='b-.',basefmt='C1-.')

plt.show()

bottom

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


x = np.linspace(0.1,2 * np.pi, 41)
y = np.exp(np.sin(x))

fit, axs = plt.subplots(nrows=1, ncols=2, figsize=(14,7))

axs[0].set_title("bottom")
axs[0].stem(x,y,linefmt='grey',markerfmt='D',bottom=1.1)

axs[1].set_title('no bottom')
axs[1].stem(x,y,linefmt='grey',markerfmt='D')
plt.show()

案例

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# 生成模拟数据集
x=np.linspace(0,10,20)
y=np.random.randn(20)
# 绘制棉棒图
markerline, stemlines, baseline = plt.stem(x,y,linefmt='-',markerfmt='o',basefmt='--',label='TestStem')
# 可单独设置棉棒末端，棉棒连线以及基线的属性
plt.setp(markerline, color='k')#将棉棒末端设置为黑色

plt.legend()
plt.show()