JPEG2000标准中的Precinct(围地、子区)的定义和划分

 JPEG2000标准中的Precinct(围地、子区)的定义和划分       JPEG2000标准对于图像区域的划分还是比较复杂的。对于一副彩色图像,JPEG2000把它按颜色空间划分为分量(component),按图像划分为切片(tile),在切片里面划分为分辨率(resolution)、子带(band)、区(precinct)。       切片、分辨率、子带还是比较好理解的,
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  JPEG2000标准中的Precinct(围地、子区)的定义和划分

       JPEG2000标准对于图像区域的划分还是比较复杂的。对于一副彩色图像,JPEG2000把它按颜色空间划分为分量(component),按图像划分为切片(tile),在切片里面划分为分辨率(resolution)、子带(band)、区(precinct)。

       切片、分辨率、子带还是比较好理解的,因为n级小波变换后就由n+1个分辨率,每个分辨率有3个子带(除去最低分辨率只有1个子带)。但区的划分和实现就有点麻烦了,官方文件ISO/ISE15444也没说清楚。经查阅有关资料和代码,原来如此。。。

       在JPEG2000标准中,区的划分是对特定的切片、分量和分辨率进行的。比如说我们定义的区大小为(2PPx,2PPy),将分辨率r划分如图1所示,其中分辨率r的原点是(trx0,try0),右下角是(trx1-1,try1-1)。

图1

       要注意到,虽然我们说得分辨率r划分为3个子带(最低分辨率为1个子带),但实际上我们的分辨率是一个矩形,对

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Changes from version 2.2.2 to version 2.2.3 ------------------------------------------- * Extremely minor changes to avoid mixed use of formatted and unformatted calls to "ostream" objects. These appear to excite a bug in GCC version 3.0. The only file affected is "params.cpp" in "coresys/parameters". Changes from version 2.2.1 to version 2.2.2 ------------------------------------------- Note: none of these have any impact whatsoever on executable code or DLL's. * Renamed the "core" directory as "coresys". A trivial change and my appologies for those whom this might adversely affect. However, the use of the name "core" was causing some people difficulties, since it is identical to the name of a Unix core dump file. * Made the Linux MMX-optimized functions "extern C" instead of "extern", so as to avoid problems caused by different name mangling conventions between various versions of gcc. * Eliminated multi-line comments from assembler files so as to avoid problems created by earlier versions of the gnu assembler. Changes from version 2.2 to version 2.2.1 ----------------------------------------- * Replaced the C++ I/O routines used for image and compressed data transfers with ANSI C I/O functions. This was motivated by the fact that the new-style ANSI C++ I/O package is unbelievably slow, at least as implemented in Microsoft's Visual C++ compiler. The change has no impact whatsoever on the Kakadu core system; it affects only the implementation of a few application level objects -- the core system abstracts all such I/O considerations through interface classes which are implemented by applications. Everything now runs a little faster than it did in version 2.1 and quite a bit faster than it did in the first release of version 2.2. * Made provision for compiling under versions of GCC prior to version 3.0. To use this, you should define GCC_VERSION_LESS_THAN_3. Changes from version 2.1 to version 2.2 --------------------------------------- * Extensive support for ROI (Region of Interest) specification at encode time (see "kakadu.pdf" for more on this). * Migrated from the old-style C++ iostream package to the new standard iostream package -- minimal use of "using namespace std" and never used in common header files, so this should enhance namespace protection and portability. * Added AT&T style versions of the small amount of Pentium assembly code to enable compilation of a high speed version under GCC as well as MSVC. * Some minor bug fixes. Changes from version 2.0.2 to version 2.1 ----------------------------------------- * Extensive support for working with the JP2 file format. The "kdu_show" application demonstrates the capabilities required of a conformant JP2 reader: palette mapping; interpolation of components to a common resolution; application of registration offsets in the CRG marker segment; and colour conversion to an appropriate rendering space (sRGB here). The "kdu_region_decompressor" object provides extensive support for general purpose interactive rendering applications, performing all of the above tasks in a platform independent manner. * It is now possible to directly control rate-distortion slope thresholds used in the construction of quality layers. This capability may also be used to significantly increase compression speed, if a suitable threshold is known, since the encoder then incrementally predicts the point at which there is no point in coding further coding passes. * A number of improvements to the "kdu_show" application, including the ability to arbitrarily zoom into images. * A number of minor bug fixes, including one important bug reported by Aaron Deever of Kodak, and a bug which occasionally manifested itself in the incremental rate prediction heuristic (reported by Jim Andrew of CISRA). * Improved documentation. Changes from version 2.0.1 to version 2.02 ------------------------------------------ * A PDF document (documentation.pdf) has been prepared to guide the new user into some of the more important aspects of the Kakadu system. The first draft is included here. * A very simple compression example and a very simple decompression example have been added to assist developers in familiarizing themselves with the Kakadu system -- the existing demo apps provide perhaps too much functionality to be quickly understood. * A full BIBO (Bounded Input Bounded Output) numerical analysis of the DWT and other processing steps is used to establish the best utilization of limited precision sample data representations. The new version should not be able to fall prey to numerical overflow or underflow difficulties under any circumstances (this could just have been possible with the last version). It also provides slightly higher accuracy. * The automatic heuristic for generating quality layer rate targets has been substantially improved. * A number of minor bugs/limitations were corrected, although these had not manifested themselves in any real examples. Changes from version 2.0 to version 2.01 ---------------------------------------- * One line change in each of "kdu_expand.cpp" and "kdu_compress.cpp" to correct a minor rare bug in these demo applications. * Minor changes in "kdu_show.cpp" to correct a rare bug and improve the user interface in regard to image rotation. * Four lines added to each of "encoder.cpp" and "decoder.cpp" to fix a minor memory leak.

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