Jasmine测试中 spyOn、spyOnProperty、createSpy、createSpyObj

最近在给组件补充测试，顺便整理一下常用的测试方法 spyOn、spyOnProperty、createSpy、createSpyObj等的关键知识点。

spyOn

• Jasmine 具有称为 spies 的双重测试功能。 spy可以存任何函数并跟踪对它的调用和所有参数。 spy仅存在于定义它的 describe 或 it 块中，并且在每个spec之后删除。
• spyOn(obj: Object, methodName: string) → {Spy} 参数1：要安装spy的对象。参数2：要替换为 Spy 的方法的名称。返回值是一个Spy。
• 以下示例包含toHaveBeenCalled、toHaveBeenCalledTimes、toHaveBeenCalledWith的使用。

// The example comes from Jasmine official 
describe("A spy", function() {
   
  var foo, bar = null;
  beforeEach(function() {
   
    foo = {
   
      setBar: function(value) {
   
        bar = value;
      }
    };
    
    spyOn(foo, 'setBar');   // const fooSpy = spyOn(foo, 'setBar');
    foo.setBar(123);
    foo.setBar(456, 'another param');
  });

  it("tracks that the spy was called", function() {
   
    expect(foo.setBar).toHaveBeenCalled();  // expect(fooSpy).toHaveBeenCalled();
  });

  it("tracks that the spy was called x times", function() {
   
    expect(foo.setBar).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
  });

  it("tracks all the arguments of its calls", function() {
   
    expect(foo.setBar).toHaveBeenCalledWith(123);
    expect(foo.setBar).toHaveBeenCalledWith(456, 'another param');
  });

  it("stops all execution on a function", function() {
   
    expect(bar).toBeNull();
  });

  it("tracks if it was called at all", function() {
   
    foo.setBar();
    expect(foo.setBar.calls.any()).toEqual(true);
  });
});

实际应用：

@Component({
   
    template: `
        <my-date-picker [ngModel]="value" (ngModelChange)="thyOnChange($event)"></my-date-picker>
    `
})
class MyTestComponent {
   
    value: Date | number;
    thyOnChange(): void {
   }
}

describe('test date picker component event via spy on', () => {
   
    let fixture: ComponentFixture<MyTestComponent>;
    let fixtureInstance: MyTestComponent;
    let debugElement: DebugElement;

    beforeEach(() => {
   
        TestBed.configureTestingModule({
   
            imports: [FormsModule, MyDatePickerModule],
            declarations: [MyTestComponent]<