条件查询:
SELECT column1, column2,...
FROM table_name
WHERE condition;
例如:SELECT * FROM students WHERE age > 18;
用于获取年龄大于 18 岁的学生信息。
排序结果:
SELECT column1, column2,...
FROM table_name
ORDER BY column_name ASC|DESC;
比如:SELECT * FROM students ORDER BY age ASC;
按照年龄升序排列学生信息。
分组和聚合函数:
SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
GROUP BY column_name;
常用的聚合函数有 SUM()
(求和)、AVG()
(平均值)、COUNT()
(计数)、MAX()
(最大值)和 MIN()
(最小值)。
例如:SELECT department, COUNT(*) FROM employees GROUP BY department;
统计每个部门的员工数量。
连接表:
内连接(INNER JOIN):
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table1
INNER JOIN table2
ON table1.column_name = table2.column_name;
左连接(LEFT JOIN):
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table1
LEFT JOIN table2
ON table1.column_name = table2.column_name;
右连接(RIGHT JOIN):
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table1
RIGHT JOIN table2
ON table1.column_name = table2.column_name;
子查询:
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name OPERATOR (
SELECT column_name
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
);
例如:SELECT * FROM students WHERE age > (SELECT AVG(age) FROM students);
创建索引:
CREATE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name);
这可以提高查询效率。
删除表:
DROP TABLE table_name;
删除数据库:
DROP DATABASE database_name;
约束(如主键、外键、唯一键等):
CREATE TABLE table_name (
column1 data_type PRIMARY KEY,
column2 data_type UNIQUE,
column3 data_type FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES another_table(column_name)
);
【转载自:】OpenSNN开思通智网 ---- “一起来O站,玩转AGI!”
【官网:】https://www.opensnn.com/
【原文链接:】https://www.opensnn.com/os/article/10001067