不久前在工作中遇到动态修改定时器的问题,在网上找了一些例子,大部分的写法都差不多,看完过后应用到我的项目中,当时解决了这个问题。但随后我发现这样一个问题:如果再添加一个定时器,在项目启动的时候就会出现SpringBean初始化异常。下面来分析如何解决这个问题:
先来看一下我在百度上看到的此类问题的解决方案, 先修改定时器配置,修改如下:
<bean id="scheduledJob" class="com.web.app.schedule.handlers.CustomScheduledJob">
<property name="schedulerFactory" ref="scheduledJobFactory"/>
<property name="triggerKey" ref="scheduledTrigger"/>
</bean>
<bean id="scheduledJobDetail" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean">
<property name="targetObject" ref="scheduledJob"/>
<property name="targetMethod" value="doScheduledJob"/>
<property name="concurrent" value="false"/>
</bean>
<bean id="scheduledTrigger" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean">
<property name="jobDetail" ref="scheduledJobDetail"/>
<property name="cronExpression">
<value>*/10 * * * * ?</value>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- Add scheduled job to project -->
<bean id="scheduledJobFactory" class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean">
<property name="triggers">
<list>
<ref bean="scheduledTrigger"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
在CustomScheduledJob类中注入schedulerFactory和triggerKey,那么就可以在这个类中修改定时器的时间了。
然而添加多个定时器任务后,随之而来是的项目启动时,SpringBean装载时异常:
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException:…Cannot resolve reference to bean ‘scheduledJobFactory’ while setting bean property ‘schedulerFactory’…
不难看出这是在创建定时器时需要scheduledJobFactory,而scheduledJobFactory的triggers的list里有多个触发器,这些触发器都需要实例化,由此出现了嵌套,导致了创建Bean的异常发生,那该如何修正呢?
既然是创建时的嵌套导致的,那我们就要解除嵌套,即在初始化定时器时不要立即传入scheduledJobFactory的Bean,那么把定时器的配置中的ref改成value,如下:
<bean id="scheduledJob" class="com.web.app.schedule.handlers.CustomScheduledJob">
<property name="schedulerFactory" value="scheduledJobFactory"/>
<property name="triggerKey" value="scheduledTrigger"/>
</bean>
那么问题又来了,我们该如何通过value取得Spring的Bean呢?
我们可以通过实现接口ApplicationContextAware方式,重写setApplicationContext()的方法,即可取得Spring的Context,然后用getBean()就可以取得Spring容器里的Bean了。
为了把这个问题处理得更漂亮些,可以用一个抽象类去做这些事情,把其中需要的实现的定时任务方法写成抽象方法,每个定时器去继承此抽象类就可以了,抽象类的写法如下:
package com.web.app.schedule;
import java.text.ParseException;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.quartz.impl.triggers.CronTriggerImpl;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
public abstract class AbstractScheduledJob implements ApplicationContextAware {
private static ApplicationContext applicationContext;
protected String schedulerFactory;
protected String triggerKey;
@Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext appCtx) throws BeansException {
applicationContext = appCtx;
}
public void setSchedulerFactory(String schedulerFactory) {
Assert.notNull(schedulerFactory, "Scheduler factory can not be null");
this.schedulerFactory = schedulerFactory;
}
public void setTriggerKey(String triggerKey) {
Assert.notNull(triggerKey, "Trigger key can not be null");
this.triggerKey = triggerKey;
}
public void resetScheduledJob(String cronExpression) throws SchedulerException, ParseException {
Scheduler schedulerFactory = (Scheduler) getObject(this.schedulerFactory);
CronTriggerImpl cronTrigger = (CronTriggerImpl) getObject(this.triggerKey);
String originCronExpression = cronTrigger.getCronExpression();
if (!originCronExpression.equalsIgnoreCase(cronExpression)) {
cronTrigger.setCronExpression(cronExpression);
schedulerFactory.rescheduleJob(cronTrigger.getKey(), cronTrigger);
}
}
public abstract void doScheduledJob();
protected Object getObject(String name) {
return applicationContext.getBean(name);
}
}
自定义的定时器里实现需要处理的计划任务逻辑,写法如下:
package com.web.app.schedule.handlers;
import com.web.app.schedule.AbstractScheduledJob;
public class CustomScheduledJob extends AbstractScheduledJob {
@Override
public void doScheduledJob() {
// TODO
// 需要处理的计划任务逻辑
}
}
至此,我们的问题得以解决!