2016多校训练Abandoned country （最小生成树+期望）

题目需要我们求把所有城市连起来用到的最小路程，和选择任意两点的路程和除以总对点数就是期望了

所以我们要用最小生成树求最小路程，再遍历找每一条边的子节点个数，用公式（子节点的个数）*（总节点数-子节点数）就是该边在期望中贡献的次数，再乘边长就行了。

Abandoned country

Time Limit : 8000/4000ms (Java/Other)   Memory Limit : 65536/65536K (Java/Other)

Total Submission(s) : 93   Accepted Submission(s) : 24

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Problem Description

An abandoned country has n(n≤100000) villages which are numbered from 1 to n . Since abandoned for a long time, the roads need to be re-built. There are m(m≤1000000) roads to be re-built, the length of each road is wi(wi≤1000000) . Guaranteed that any two wi are different. The roads made all the villages connected directly or indirectly before destroyed. Every road will cost the same value of its length to rebuild. The king wants to use the minimum cost to make all the villages connected with each other directly or indirectly. After the roads are re-built, the king asks a men as messenger. The king will select any two different points as starting point or the destination with the same probability. Now the king asks you to tell him the minimum cost and the minimum expectations length the messenger will walk.

Input

The first line contains an integer T(T≤10) which indicates the number of test cases.

For each test case, the first line contains two integers n,m indicate the number of villages and the number of roads to be re-built. Next m lines, each line have three number i,j,wi , the length of a road connecting the village i and the village j is wi .

Output

output the minimum cost and minimum Expectations with two decimal places. They separated by a space.

Sample Input

1
4 6
1 2 1
2 3 2
3 4 3
4 1 4
1 3 5
2 4 6

Sample Output

6 3.33

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstring>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<queue>
#include<map>
#include<set>
#define INF 999999999
#define LL long long
#define mod 1000003
#define maxn 1000005
using namespace std;
int p[100005];
int n, m;
struct Edge
{
    int from, to;
    LL dist;
    Edge() {}
    Edge(int u, int v, LL d) :from(u), to(v), dist(d) {};
};
vector<Edge> edges;
vector<int> G[100005];
int mm;
struct node
{
    int u, v;
    LL w;
};
node poi[1000005];
void AddEdge(int from, int to, LL dist)
{
    edges.push_back(Edge(from, to, dist));
    G[from].push_back(mm++);
}
int cmp(node a, node b)
{
    return a.w<b.w;
}
int find(int x)//并查集+路径压缩
{
    int r = x;
    while (p[r] != r)
        r = p[r];
    int i = x, j;
    while (i != r)
    {
        j = p[i];
        p[i] = r;
        i = j;
    }
    return r;
}
LL kru()//运用紫书的方法竟然超时，最后学了大神的方法
{
    LL ans = 0;
    int cnt = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) p[i] = i;
    sort(poi, poi + m, cmp);
    for (int i = 0; i<m; i++)
    {
        int x = find(poi[i].u);
        int y = find(poi[i].v);
        if (x != y)
        {
            AddEdge(poi[i].u, poi[i].v, poi[i].w);
            AddEdge(poi[i].v, poi[i].u, poi[i].w);
            ans += poi[i].w;
            p[x] = y;
            if (++cnt >= n - 1)
                break;
        }
    }
    return ans;
}
int siz[100005];
double dasiz[100005];
void dfs(int root, int fa)//深搜递归每个节点
{
    siz[root] = 1;
    for (int i = 0; i <G[root].size(); i++)
    {
        Edge &ee = edges[G[root][i]];
        LL len = ee.dist;
        int son = ee.to;
        if (son == fa)
            continue;
        dfs(son, root);
        siz[root] += siz[son];
        dasiz[root] += dasiz[son] + (LL)siz[son] * (LL)(n - siz[son])*(double)len;
    }
}
int main()
{
    int t;
    scanf("%d", &t);
    while (t--)
    {
        mm = 0;
        int ff = 0;
        scanf("%d%d", &n, &m);
        if (m == 0)
            ff = 1;
        for (int i = 0; i<m; i++)
        {
            scanf("%d %d %I64d", &poi[i].u, &poi[i].v, &poi[i].w);
        }
        LL sum = kru();
        memset(siz, 0, sizeof(siz));
        memset(dasiz, 0, sizeof(dasiz));
        dfs(1, -1);
        LL tti = (LL)(n - 1)*(LL)n;//n是整型，必须转化为LL，要不会爆int
        LL ti = tti / 2;
        printf("%I64d", sum);
        if (ff == 0)
            printf(" %.2lf\n", (double)dasiz[1] / ti);
        else
            printf(" 0.00\n");
        for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
        {
            G[i].clear();
        }
        edges.clear();
    }
}