Android性能优化 -- 自启动管理

自启动管理简介

Android手机上安装的很多应用都会自启动，占用资源越来越多，造成系统卡顿等现象。良好的自启动管理方案管理后台自启动和开机自启动，这样就可以节约内存、优化系统流畅性等。

自启动管理流程分析

自启动管理的实现贯穿了应用APK（AutoRun.apk）以及framework的ActivityManagerService等。实现流程比较复杂，下面分阶段地介绍整个流程。

初始化

手机开机后，会发送开机广播：android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED，凡是注册该广播的应用都可以接收到开机广播。（这里设计的AutoRun.apk会有一个为之提供服务apk，取名为AutoRunCore.apk）服务AutoRunCore.apk注册开机广播，接收到开机广播后，发送自定义广播（android.intent.action.security.BOOT_COMPLETED）给AutoRun.apk。

AutoRun.apk的自定义类BootBroadcastReceiver接收到AutoRunCore.apk发过来的广播后，开启线程设置禁止自启动列表和允许自启动列表；从R.array.security_boot_run_applist数组中获取允许自启动列表，定义为白名单，白名单中保存的均是非系统应用；从R.array.security_boot_forbidrun_applist数组中获取禁止自启动的列表，定义为黑名单，黑名单中保存的均是系统应用。最终调用系统接口将禁止自启动的应用（包括黑名单中的系统应用、不在白名单中的非系统应用）全部写到/data/system/forbidden_autorun_packages.xml文件中。

关键代码如下：

1、注册广播接收器

        <receiver
            android:name="com.android.BootBroadcastReceiver"
            android:exported="true"
            android:priority="1000"
            android:process="@string/process_security" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.security.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

2、接收到广播后处理方法

    @Override
    public void onReceive(final Context context, Intent intent) {
        action = intent.getAction();
        if((action != null)&&(action.equals("android.intent.action.security.BOOT_COMPLETED"))){
            action = ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED;
        }
        ......
                if(BOOT_AUTO_RUN && ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED.equals(action)) {
                    Log.d("forbid auto run");
                    new Thread(new Runnable() {
                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                            SharedPreferences preferences = context.getSharedPreferences(
                                    "forbidrun_appList", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
                            boolean isInit = preferences.getBoolean("initflag", false);
                            long lastModif = preferences.getLong("fileModif", 0);
                            long fileModif = 0;
                            File config = new File("data/system/seccenter/"
                                    + APPAUTORUN_CONFIG_FILE);//APPAUTORUN_CONFIG_FILE = "seccenter_appautorun_applist.xml"
                            pm = context.getPackageManager();
                            List<String> autorun_appList = new ArrayList<String>();
                            if (config.exists()) {
                                fileModif = config.lastModified();
                            }
                            if (!isInit || (fileModif > lastModif)) {
                                if (config.exists()) {
                                    try {
                                        autorun_appList = parseXML(config);
                                    } catch (Exception e) {
                                        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                                        e.printStackTrace();
                                    }
                                } else {
                                    autorun_appList = Arrays.asList(context.getResources()
                                            .getStringArray(R.array.security_boot_run_applist));
                                }

                                List<String> forbidrun_appList = Arrays.asList(context.getResources()
                                        .getStringArray(R.array.security_boot_forbidrun_applist));
                                List<ApplicationInfo> allAppInfo = pm.getInstalledApplications(0);
                                for (ApplicationInfo appInfo : allAppInfo) {
                                    if (!Util.isSystemApp(appInfo)
                                            && !autorun_appList.contains(appInfo.packageName)) {
                                        SystemApiUtil.fobidAutoRun(context,appInfo.packageName, true);
                                    } else if (Util.isSystemApp(appInfo)
                                            && forbidrun_appList.contains(appInfo.packageName)) {
                                        SystemApiUtil.fobidAutoRun(context,appInfo.packageName, true);
                                    }
                                }
                                SharedPreferences preference = context.getSharedPreferences("forbidrun_appList",
                                                Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
                                SharedPreferences.Editor editor = preference.edit();
                                editor.putBoolean("initflag", true);
                                editor.putLong("fileModif", fileModif);
                                editor.commit();
                            }
                        }
                    }, "btReForbidRun").start();                       
}

在上面的处理方法中使用的几个封装的方法，下面逐一看下。先看parseXML()方法，

    public List<String> parseXML(File xmlFile) throws Exception {
        List<String> appList = new ArrayList<String>(); 
        DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
        DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();

        Document doc = db.parse(xmlFile);
        NodeList nodeList = doc.getElementsByTagName("appname");
        Node fatherNode = nodeList.item(0);

        NodeList childNodes = fatherNode.getChildNodes();
        for (int j = 0; j < childNodes.getLength(); j++) {
            Node childNode = childNodes.item(j);
            if (childNode instanceof Element) {
                appList.add(childNode.getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
            }
        }
        return appList;
    }

接着看下Util.isSystemApp()方法，

    public static boolean isSystemApp(ApplicationInfo appInfo) {
        boolean flag = false;

        if (appInfo != null
                && ((appInfo.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM) != 0 || (appInfo.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_UPDATED_SYSTEM_APP) != 0)) {
            flag = true;
        }
        return flag;
    }

再接着看下forbitAutorun()方法，这里是通过反射方式调用ActivityManager中的方法。

private static Method mSetStopAutoStart = null;
private static Method mgetStopAutoStart = null;

public static void fobidAutoRun(Context context, String pkg, boolean isFobid) {

        if (isForceStopAutoStartMethodExist(context)) {
            try {
                ActivityManager am = (ActivityManager) context
                        .getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
                mSetStopAutoStart.invoke(am, pkg,
                        isFobid);
            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    public static boolean isForceStopAutoStartMethodExist(Context context) {
        synchronized (SystemApiUtil.class) {
            if (mSetStopAutoStart == null) {
                try {
                    ActivityManager am = (ActivityManager) context
                            .getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
                        mSetStopAutoStart = am.getClass().getMethod(
                                "setForbiddenAutorunPackages", String.class,
                                boolean.class);

                    mgetSto