java 接口和抽象类应用

java 接口和抽象类应用案例
案例需求:
新建类：汽车类(Car) 引擎类(Engine)
汽车类特征：汽车名称carName 汽车颜色carColor
汽车价格carPrice 引擎carEngine
汽车类行为：介绍sayHi：汽车名称 汽车颜色 汽车价格 引擎名称 引擎类型
引擎类特征：引擎名称engineName 引擎类型engineType

创建轮胎类Tire
将四个轮胎装载在汽车上 输出轮胎装到汽车上的哪个位置
左前轮 右前轮 左后轮 右后轮
轮胎类
成员变量 轮胎名称tireName 轮胎类型tireType 轮胎位置tirePosition
轮胎要按在车上 使用容器数组装

车类

/*
 * 汽车类特征：汽车名称carName 汽车颜色carColor 
汽车价格carPrice 引擎carEngine 
汽车类行为：介绍sayHi：汽车名称 汽车颜色 汽车价格 引擎名称 引擎类型
 */
public class Car {
    private String carName;
    private String carColor;
    private String carPrice;
    //声明引擎类对象作为成员变量
    private Engine engine;

    //轮胎要保存在车上面 保存四个
    //用容器装(数组保存)
    private Tire[] tire = new Tire[4]; 
    //构造方法
    public Car() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    public Car(String carName, String carColor, String carPrice, Engine engine) {
        super();
        this.carName = carName;
        this.carColor = carColor;
        this.carPrice = carPrice;
        this.engine = engine;
    }
    //set/get方法
    public String getCarName() {
        return carName;
    }
    public void setCarName(String carName) {
        this.carName = carName;
    }
    public String getCarColor() {
        return carColor;
    }
    public void setCarColor(String carColor) {
        this.carColor = carColor;
    }
    public String getCarPrice() {
        return carPrice;
    }
    public void setCarPrice(String carPrice) {
        this.carPrice = carPrice;
    }
    public Engine getEngine() {
        return engine;
    }
    public void setEngine(Engine engine) {
        this.engine = engine;
    }
    //轮胎数组的set/get方法
    public Tire[] getTire() {
        return tire;
    }
    public void setTire(Tire[] tire) {
        this.tire = tire;
    }
    //装轮胎的方法 (把轮胎装到声明的数组中)
    //将轮胎一个一个装到数组中 
    //tirePosition 表示轮胎该装在什么位置
    //             相当于该放在数组的什么位置
    public void setTires(Tire tire, int tirePosition) {
        //把轮胎按位置放入数组中
        this.tire[tirePosition] = tire;
        //按照索引赋值轮胎位置信息
        switch (tirePosition) {
        case 0:
            tire.setTirePosition("左前轮");
            break;
        case 1:
            tire.setTirePosition("右前轮");
            break;
        case 2:
            tire.setTirePosition("左后轮");
            break;
        case 3:
            tire.setTirePosition("左后轮");
            break;

        default:
            break;
        }
    }
    //介绍方法sayHi
    public void sayHi() {
        //如果不给engine 赋值 初值就是null
        //null调用方法 会发生空指针异常
        System.out.println("引擎名称:"+engine.getEngineName()+"  引擎类型:"+engine.getEngineType());
        System.out.println("车名称:"+carName+" 车颜色:"+carColor+" 车价格:"+carPrice);

        //需要遍历数组 打印每一个轮胎的属性
        for (int i = 0; i < this.tire.length; i++) {
            //取出每一个轮胎
            Tire t = this.tire[i];
            System.out.println(t.toString());
        }
    }
}

引擎类

//引擎类特征：引擎名称engineName 引擎类型engineType
public class Engine {
    private String engineName;
    private String engineType;
    //构造函数
    public Engine() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    public Engine(String engineName, String engineType) {
        super();
        this.engineName = engineName;
        this.engineType = engineType;
    }
    //set/get方法
    public String getEngineName() {
        return engineName;
    }
    public void setEngineName(String engineName) {
        this.engineName = engineName;
    }
    public String getEngineType() {
        return engineType;
    }
    public void setEngineType(String engineType) {
        this.engineType = engineType;
    }
}

轮胎类

/*
 * 轮胎类
成员变量 轮胎名称tireName 轮胎类型tireType  轮胎位置tirePosition
 */
public class Tire {
    private String tireName;
    private String tireType;
    // 左前轮 右前轮 左后轮 右后轮
    //安装时才会有位置信息 才生产时没有
    //so 构造方法只需要两个参数 位置信息要装车上的时候 再进行赋值
    private String tirePosition;
    //构造方法
    public Tire() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    public Tire(String tireName, String tireType) {
        super();
        this.tireName = tireName;
        this.tireType = tireType;
    }
    //set/get方法
    public String getTireName() {
        return tireName;
    }
    public void setTireName(String tireName) {
        this.tireName = tireName;
    }
    public String getTireType() {
        return tireType;
    }
    public void setTireType(String tireType) {
        this.tireType = tireType;
    }
    public String getTirePosition() {
        return tirePosition;
    }
    public void setTirePosition(String tirePosition) {
        this.tirePosition = tirePosition;
    }
    //重写tostring方法
    public String toString(){
        String string = "轮胎名字:" + tireName + "轮胎类型:" + tireType +"轮胎位置:" + tirePosition;
        return string;
    }

}

测试类

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建 引擎对象
        Engine engine = new Engine("V16发动机", "6.0T");
        //创建轮胎对象
        Tire tires = new Tire();
        //创建车对象
        Car car = new Car("兰博基尼", "黄色", "8000000000", engine);
        //循环装轮胎
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            Tire tire = new Tire("米其林","雨胎");
            //将轮胎装到车上 setTire方法
            car.setTires(tire, i);
        }
        car.sayHi();
    }   
}